Chinese11 Flashcards
傷害
(shāng hài): to harm, to hurt, to injure, injury, harm
This word combines:
- 傷 (shāng): to injure, to wound, to hurt
- 害 (hài): to harm, to damage, to cause trouble
Examples:
1. 受傷害 (shòu shāng hài): to be hurt, to suffer harm
2. 傷害感情 (shāng hài gǎn qíng): to hurt someone’s feelings
3. 身體傷害 (shēn tǐ shāng hài): physical injury
4. 避免傷害 (bì miǎn shāng hài): to avoid harm
5. 情感傷害 (qíng gǎn shāng hài): emotional hurt/damage
害
(hài): to harm, to cause damage, to lead to, to fear
Examples:
1. 害怕 (hài pà): to fear, to be afraid
2. 害羞 (hài xiū): shy, bashful
3. 害人 (hài rén): to harm others
4. 害處 (hài chù): harm, disadvantage
5. 害死 (hài sǐ): to cause death, to kill
傷口
(shāng kǒu): wound, cut, injury
This word combines:
- 傷 (shāng): to injure, to wound, to hurt
- 口 (kǒu): mouth, opening
Examples:
1. 包紮傷口 (bāo zā shāng kǒu): to bandage a wound
2. 傷口痛 (shāng kǒu tòng): the wound hurts
3. 傷口癒合 (shāng kǒu yù hé): the wound is healing
4. 清洗傷口 (qīng xǐ shāng kǒu): to clean a wound
5. 深的傷口 (shēn de shāng kǒu): a deep wound
受傷
(shòu shāng): to be injured, to be hurt, to sustain an injury
This word combines:
- 受 (shòu): to receive, to suffer, to undergo
- 傷 (shāng): injury, wound, to injure
Examples:
1. 他受傷了 (tā shòu shāng le): he got injured
2. 嚴重受傷 (yán zhòng shòu shāng): seriously injured
3. 心靈受傷 (xīn líng shòu shāng): emotionally hurt
4. 運動員受傷 (yùn dòng yuán shòu shāng): the athlete is injured
5. 避免受傷 (bì miǎn shòu shāng): to avoid getting injured
難
(nán): difficult, hard, troublesome
When pronounced as “nán” it means:
1. 困難 (kùn nán): difficulty
2. 難題 (nán tí): difficult problem
3. 難以置信 (nán yǐ zhì xìn): hard to believe
4. 難過 (nán guò): sad, distressed
5. 難度 (nán dù): level of difficulty
When pronounced as “nàn” it means:
1. 災難 (zāi nàn): disaster, catastrophe
2. 劫難 (jié nàn): calamity, ordeal
3. 難民 (nàn mín): refugee
4. 遇難 (yù nàn): to meet with disaster
5. 逃難 (táo nàn): to flee from disaster
特別
(tè bié): special, particular, exceptional, especially
This word combines:
- 特 (tè): special, unique, particular
- 別 (bié): to separate, other, different
Examples:
1. 特別好 (tè bié hǎo): especially good
2. 特別喜歡 (tè bié xǐ huān): to especially like
3. 特別節目 (tè bié jié mù): special program
4. 特別關注 (tè bié guān zhù): special attention
5. 很特別 (hěn tè bié): very special
傷人
(shāng rén): to hurt someone, to harm others, hurtful
This phrase combines:
- 傷 (shāng): to injure, to wound, to hurt
- 人 (rén): person, people
Examples:
1. 傷人的話 (shāng rén de huà): hurtful words
2. 不要傷人 (bú yào shāng rén): don’t hurt others
3. 傷人事件 (shāng rén shì jiàn): incident involving injury to others
4. 傷人害己 (shāng rén hài jǐ): to hurt others and oneself
5. 容易傷人 (róng yì shāng rén): likely to hurt people/easily hurts others
刀
(dāo): knife, blade, sword
Examples:
1. 菜刀 (cài dāo): kitchen knife, cleaver
2. 刀叉 (dāo chā): knife and fork
3. 水果刀 (shuǐ guǒ dāo): fruit knife
4. 刀子 (dāo zi): knife
5. 尖刀 (jiān dāo): sharp knife, dagger
你說的話很傷人
(nǐ shuō de huà hěn shāng rén): What you said is very hurtful.
This sentence combines:
- 你 (nǐ): you
- 說的 (shuō de): said, spoken
- 話 (huà): words, speech
- 很 (hěn): very
- 傷人 (shāng rén): hurtful, to hurt others
要是/如果……的話
(yào shi/rú guǒ……de huà): If…, In case…, Supposing…
Both structures create conditional sentences in Chinese. Let me explain them:
要是 (yào shi) and 如果 (rú guǒ) are both commonly used to start conditional clauses meaning “if” or “in case,” while 的話 (de huà) is often added at the end of the condition for emphasis or to make the sentence more naturally flowing.
Examples:
1. 要是明天下雨的話，我們就不去公園了 (yào shi míng tiān xià yǔ de huà, wǒ men jiù bú qù gōng yuán le): If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park.
- 如果你有時間的話，可以幫我嗎？ (rú guǒ nǐ yǒu shí jiān de huà, kě yǐ bāng wǒ ma?): If you have time, can you help me?
- 要是你餓了的話，冰箱裡有食物 (yào shi nǐ è le de huà, bīng xiāng lǐ yǒu shí wù): If you’re hungry, there’s food in the refrigerator.
- 如果沒有人反對的話，我們就這麼決定了 (rú guǒ méi yǒu rén fǎn duì de huà, wǒ men jiù zhè me jué dìng le): If nobody objects, we’ll decide it this way.
- 要是他來的話，請告訴我 (yào shi tā lái de huà, qǐng gào sù wǒ): If he comes, please let me know.
就/會/就會
Let me explain the differences between these similar structures:
就 (jiù): then, right away, precisely, only
When used in conditionals, 就 connects the condition to the result:
1. 如果下雨，我就不去 (rú guǒ xià yǔ, wǒ jiù bú qù): If it rains, then I won’t go
2. 你來，我就高興 (nǐ lái, wǒ jiù gāo xìng): If you come, I will be happy
3. 只要努力，就能成功 (zhǐ yào nǔ lì, jiù néng chéng gōng): As long as you work hard, you can succeed
會 (huì): will, would, can, able to
Indicates future action or ability:
1. 明天我會來 (míng tiān wǒ huì lái): I will come tomorrow
2. 他會說中文 (tā huì shuō zhōng wén): He can speak Chinese
3. 你會後悔的 (nǐ huì hòu huǐ de): You will regret it
就會 (jiù huì): will then, would then
Combines both meanings - links a condition with a future result:
1. 如果你學習，你就會進步 (rú guǒ nǐ xué xí, nǐ jiù huì jìn bù): If you study, you will improve
2. 吃太多就會胖 (chī tài duō jiù huì pàng): If you eat too much, you will gain weight
3. 早點睡就會有精神 (zǎo diǎn shuì jiù huì yǒu jīng shén): If you sleep early, you will have energy
The main difference is that 就 is more immediate and definite, 會 indicates future possibility, and 就會 combines both to show a clear cause-effect relationship in the future.
取消
(qǔ xiāo): to cancel, to call off
This word combines:
- 取 (qǔ): to take, to get, to choose
- 消 (xiāo): to eliminate, to disappear
Examples:
1. 取消訂單 (qǔ xiāo dìng dān): to cancel an order
2. 活動取消了 (huó dòng qǔ xiāo le): the event has been canceled
3. 取消預約 (qǔ xiāo yù yuē): to cancel a reservation/appointment
4. 航班取消 (háng bān qǔ xiāo): flight cancellation
5. 不能取消 (bù néng qǔ xiāo): cannot be canceled
約會
(yuē huì): date, appointment, to date, to make an appointment
This word combines:
- 約 (yuē): to make an appointment, to arrange
- 會 (huì): to meet, meeting
Examples:
1. 我有約會 (wǒ yǒu yuē huì): I have a date
2. 約會地點 (yuē huì dì diǎn): meeting place, dating location
3. 下週約會 (xià zhōu yuē huì): date next week
4. 第一次約會 (dì yī cì yuē huì): first date
5. 取消約會 (qǔ xiāo yuē huì): to cancel a date/appointment
