Buddhist Chinese-Primer chapters1-4 Flashcards
1
Q
壽
A
(shòu) lifespan
2
Q
歲
A
(suì) years
3
Q
迦葉
A
(Jiāshè) (Skt. transcrip.) Kāśyapa (a Buddha of the Past). (Shè is an unusual pronunciation for 葉, usually pronounced yè).
4
Q
尼拘律
A
(ní jū lǜ) means “banyan tree” or “Indian fig tree.” It’s a transliteration from Sanskrit nyagrodha (न्यग्रोध).
5
Q
樹
A
(shù) tree
6
Q
尸棄
A
Shīqì (Skt. transcrip.) Śikhin (a Buddha of the Past)
7
Q
弟子
A
dìzi disciple
8
Q
父
A
fù father
9
Q
告
A
gào to tell, to announce to
10
Q
常
A
cháng constant, enduring, eternal
10
Q
此
A
cǐ this, these
11
Q
如
A
rú like, as
12
Q
聞
A
wén to hear
13
Q
諸
A
zhū all
14
Q
對
A
duì to respond, to answer
15
Q
智慧
A
zhìhuì wisdom; insight
16
Q
增益
A
zēngyì to increase
17
Q
舍衛
A
Shèwèi (Skt. transcrip.) Śrāvastī
18
Q
祇樹
A
Qíshù abbreviation of 祇樹給孤獨園(Skt. Jetavana Anāthapiṇḍada-ārāma). Recall that the character 樹 shù means “tree” or “trees, woods.” So this term combines transcription with translation.
19
Q
花林窟
A
Huālín kū “Flower Copse Cave.” Translation/transcription of the Skt. karīrika (corresponding to the Pali kareri ), a kind of
tree. The Pali gives Kareri-kuṭikā or “Kareri Hut.” Perhaps the translators chose “cave” as equivalent in the sense that a cave is a place of cultivation.
20
Q
與
A
yǔ together, with
21
Q
比丘
A
bǐqiū (Skt. transcrip.) bhikṣu
22
Q
眾
A
zhòng assembly
22
Q
俱
A
jù together
23
唯
wéi only; (a sentence-opening particle often used to translate Indic vocatives; here an adventurous translator might translate a "O!" with "...monks, brethren" implied—, functionally equivalent to something like "Hear ye!"). This second usage makes more sense here than “only
24
無上尊
wúshàngzūn without superior, exalted one
25
為
wéi to be, is
26
最
zuì most
27
奇特
qítè special, remarkable
28
神通
shéntōng lit. “divine perspicacity”; (Skt. transl. abhijñā), divine powers, supernormal powers, supernormal cognitions.
29
遠達
yuǎn dá far reaching
30
威力
wēilì authority, power, might
31
弘大
hóngdà great, expansive
32
入
rù to enter
33
於
yú (preposition) in, at
34
涅槃
nièpán (Skt. transcrip.) nirvana
35
斷
duàn to cut off
36
結使
jiéshǐ lit. “binding and driving”; afflictions
37
消滅
xiāomiè to destroy, to dispense with
38
戱
xì funny, playful, absurd, fanciful, frivolous
39
論
lùn discourse, discussion, theory, deliberations
40
戒
jiè precepts; morality; (Skt. transl.) śīla
41
慧
huì wisdom, insight
42
世尊
Shìzūn World-Honored One
43
閑靜
xiánjìng peaceful and quiet
44
處
chù place
45
天耳
tiāněr divine ear (one of the supernormal powers of a buddha)
46
清淨
qīngjìng pure
47
作
zuò to do, to make
48
議
yì discussion, argument, opinion
49
諦
dì carefully
50
善
shàn well
50
聽
tīng to listen
51
思念
sīniàn think on, contemplate
52
之
zhī It
53
成
chéng to complete, to accomplish
54
最正覺
zuìzhèngjué (lit.) “most correct awakening,” (Skt. transl.) abhisaṃbodhi
55
時
shí time
56
舍衛
Shèwèi (Skt. transcrip.) Śrāvastī
57
祇樹
Qíshù Jeta Grove
58
頌
sòng in verse
59
曰
yuē to say
60
爾
ěr that
61
閑靜
xiánjìng peaceful and quiet
62
處
chù place
63
受
shòu to receive
64
教
jiào teaching
65
而
ér [verbal connector] and, but; [adverbial connector, with the preceding word or phrase modifying the verb that follows]
66
過去
guòqù the past
67
無數
wúshù without number, limitless
68
戱
xì funny, playful, absurd, fanciful
69
劫
jié aeon (transliteration of kalpa)
70
如來
rúlái Thus-Come-One, (Skt. transcrip.) tathāgata (we have already seen 如as “thus” in 如是我聞)
71
至
zhì utmost; extreme, most
72
真
zhēn True
73
至真
zhìzhēn “most-true-one” (a translation of arhat).
74
即
jí then, next, thereupon
75
從
cóng from
76
座
zuò seat
77
起
qǐ to arise, get up
78
相師
xiàngshī fortune teller, master of physiognomy
79
白
bái white; to address
80
言
yán to say
81
於
yú multi-purpose particle (see note below).
[hòu 後, “after,” appears in the middle of sentences, between verbs. Here hòu is working together with the particle yú. Yú 於 is a preposition which can be used for space (i.e. “at”) or, as here, for time.]
82
乞
qǐ to beg
83
食
shí food; to eat
84
集
jí to gather
85
堂
táng hall
86
太子
tàizǐ prince
87
剃除
tìchú to cut off
88
鬚髮
xūfǎ hair and beard (髮can also be read in the fourth tone as fà; one is standard in Taiwan and the other on the Mainland. I can’t remember which is which).
89
毘婆尸
Pípóshī (Skt. transcrip.) Vipaśyin
90
菩薩
púsà (Skt. transcrip.) Bodhisattva
91
母
mǔ mother
92
胎
tāi womb
93
專
zhuān to concentrate
94
念
niàn to think, to ponder
95
亂
luàn chaos, confusion
96
吾
wú I, me
97
今
jīn today, now
98
欲
yù to want, to desire; to be about to, will
99
以
yǐ (以is a co-verb, meaning it works in conjunction with another verb. We will look at this word more closely in a later lesson). To use, to employ; with, by means of
100
101
宿命智
sùmìngzhì knowledge of past lives (lit. past-destinies-wisdom)
102
說
shuō say, expound, relate, explain
103
事
shì thing, event
104
汝
rǔ you
105
闇冥
ànmíng darkness
106
之
zhī (possessive, equivalent to modern Chinese de 的)
107
蒙
méng to receive (expresses the relative status between the one who gives [superior] to the one who humbly receives [recipient). This is subtle, but the implication is that the beings in darkness are fortunate to enjoy this moment of light).
108
明
míng brightness
109
兜率
Dōushuài (Skt. transcrip.) Tuṣita
110
天
tiān heaven; god, deva
111
降
jiàng to descend
112
神
shén divine; spirit
113
身
shēn body; physically
114
安隱
ānyǐn serene, at peace
115
惱患
nǎohuàn troubles, difficulties
116
天子
tiānzǐ lit. children of heaven, heavenly beings, minor deities
117
戈
gé halberd
117
執
zhí to hold
118
矛
máo spear
119
侍
shì to attend
120
護
hù to protect
121
其
qí that (person), the (person); he, she, they, it; his, her, their, its
122
非人
fēirén non-human, demon, (Skt. transl.) amanuṣya
123
得
dé to be able to
124
侵嬈
qīnrǎo to harass
125
間
jiān between, among
126
憒閙
kuìnào hubub, noise
127
宜
Yí appropriate
128
天母
tiānmǔ here: queen
129
生
shēng to be born/ being
130
聖
shèng holy
131
子
zǐ child; son
132
懷
huái to harbor (a feeling), to feel
133
憂慼
yōuqī worries and sadness, grief, anguish
134
使
shǐ to cause, to make
135
眾生
zhòngshēng all beings (zhòng can often be a simple plural marker, and need not carry the full meaning of “all”).
136
墜落
zhuìluò to fall, to descend to
137
餘
yú other, remaining
138
趣
qù destination, realm, path of existence
139
去
qù to leave
140
久
jiǔ long (duration)
