Child Development Flashcards
How does longitudinal growth take place?
from the physis (growth plate) by echondral ossification
How does circumfrential growth take place?
from the periosteum by oppositional growth
What is the normal age to have genu varum?
under 2
What can be the underlying pathology of gene varum?
skeletal dysplasia rickets tumour bouts disease trauma
What can indicate underlying pathology if a child has gene varum?
if it is:
unilateral
painful
short stature
What is bouts disease?
growth arrest of the medial tibial physis of unknown origin
How does bouts disease present?
genu varum at 4-5 years
beak line protrusion on Xray
How is both genu varum and bouts disease treated?
osteotomy
When is genu valgum normal?
aged 3 and a half
What should you do if a child has over 8cm intermalleolar distance aged 11 (very genu valgum?
surgery
When do you refer a genu valgum child?
if its sore, asymmetric or severe
What could cause an intoeing gait?
femoral neck anteversion
internal tibial torsion
metatarsus adductus
What is femoral neck anteversion?
should be 30-40 degrees at brith then matures to 10-15 degrees, sometimes this does not decrease and causes patellofemoral problems
What is internal tibial torsion?
inwards twisting of the tibia that leads to intoeing
usually seen in toddlers and resolves by 6 years
can do surgery to correct
What is metatarsus adductus?
foot bending over the midline
casting may help aged 6-12 months if it does not correct
