chemistry topic 2- bonding, structure and properties Flashcards
what does malleable mean?
when you bend it the shape will stay
what is the melting and boiling points like for simple molecular bonds?
low
what is the melting point like for ionic bonds?
high
what is a simple molecular bond?
a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds made up of one or two atoms of the same element
what are the characteristics of ionic compounds?
-free to move
-high melting point
-strong electrostatic forces
-brittle
-charged particles
what is a covalent bond?
formed when a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms
what are giant covalent structures?
all atoms are bonded to each other by strong covalent bonds
how is diamond bonded?
each carbon atom forms 4 covalent bonds in a rigid giant covalent structure
how is graphite bonded?
each carbon atom forms 3 covalent bonds to create layers of hexagons
what are the characteristics of giant metallic structures?
-ductile-gradually get thinner when stretched
-malleable-stays in shape when bent
-high boiling points
electrical and thermal conductors
how is nanoscience used in medicine?
an efficient way of treating tumours
what is metallic bonding?
positive metal ions in a sea of delocalised electrons
describe the formation of ions
-made when electrons are transferred
-charged particles
-full outer shell
what is melting?
particles have enough energy to break free
what is freezing?
so many bonds have been made they are held in place
