geography paper two

Question 1

what is urbanisation?

Answer 1

increasing percentage/proportion of the population living in towns and cities

Question 2

how does Rio being surrounded by steep mountains cause traffic problems?

Answer 2

the roads can only be built on lowland locations - limiting amount

Question 3

why does Rio having a new toll put in through the city centre help traffic issues?

Answer 3

puts people off using the roads

Question 4

what are 3 pull factors for migration?

Answer 4

-educational facilities
-employment opportunities
-gain new skills and experience

Question 5

what are 3 push factors for migration?

Answer 5

-family conflict
-religious differences
-inadequate health facilities

Question 6

how has international migration changed the character of Birmingham?

Answer 6

• the city has gained a rich cultural heritage
  -led to increased awareness of cultures

Question 7

how has national migration changed the character of Birmingham?

Answer 7

-popular student city-huge boost to economy
-local people feel some areas have lost their identity

Question 8

what is agribusiness?
what are the advantages and disadvantages?

Answer 8

-farming is treated like a large industrial business
-maximises the amount of food production
-chemicals used on farms damages the habitats and wildlife

Question 9

what are sustainable foods and what are the advantages?

Answer 9

-organic foods that have little impact on the environment and are healthier
-local food sources
-reduces emissions by only eating food from the UK
-buying locally sourced food supports local shops and farms

Question 10

what is the meaning of impact of demand?
what are the advantages and disadvantages?

Answer 10

-food can travel long distances and adds to our carbon footprint
-supports workers and families in LICs
-less land for locals to grow own food

Question 11

what is a food insecurity?

Answer 11

when people do not have enough nutritious and affordable food to eat

Question 12

what is a food security?

Answer 12

when people have enough nutritious and affordable food to eat

Question 13

what is a food surplus?

Answer 13

when there are extra crops and more than enough food to feed a population

Question 14

what is a water insecurity?

Answer 14

no reliable access to adequate quantities of acceptably clean water

Question 15

what is a water transfer scheme?

Answer 15

water taken from a place of surplus to a place of deficit

Question 16

what is a water footprint?

Answer 16

the amount of water used by a country, both domestically and through impacts

Question 17

what is a fossil fuel?

Answer 17

a natural, finite fuel formed from the remains of living organisms

Question 18

what is meant by geothermal?

Answer 18

energy from the heat of the earth

Question 19

what is an energy insecurity?

Answer 19

when the access to energy is via other countries

Question 20

what is an energy mix?

Answer 20

the balance of the different types of energy which a country uses

Question 21

what does renewable mean?

Answer 21

energy resources that are replenished and not exhausted

Question 22

what is consumption?

Answer 22

the act of using up resources or purchasing goods and produce

Question 23

what is meant by carry capacity?

Answer 23

a maximum number of species that can be supported