biology topic 1- cells

Question 1

where in a plant cell does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 1

in chloroplasts

Question 2

what does the cell membrane do?

Answer 2

controls what goes in and out of the cell

Question 3

what keeps a plant cell rigid?

Answer 3

cell wall

Question 4

what are only visible with an electron microscope?

Answer 4

ribosomes

Question 5

what is visible with a light microscope?

Answer 5

mitochondria

Question 6

what is the equation for magnification?

Answer 6

magnification=
image size/real size

Question 7

what is the equation for the magnification of the microscope?

Answer 7

magnification of the microscope=
magnification of eyepiece/magnification of object

Question 8

what do you need to do to convert micrometres to mm?

Answer 8

divide by 100

Question 9

what do electron microscopes use instead of light?

Answer 9

beams of electrons

Question 10

where in the cell does protein synthesis happen?

Answer 10

ribosomes

Question 11

what is the light microscope used for?

Answer 11

study living cells

Question 12

what part of the cell contains DNA and controls the cell?

Answer 12

nucleus

Question 13

where in the cell do chemical reactions happen?

Answer 13

cytoplasm

Question 14

what do electron microscopes provide higher of?

Answer 14

magnification + resolution

Question 15

how are the alveoli specialised to maximise the diffusion of CO2 and O2?

Answer 15

-an enormous surface area
-a moist lining for dissolving gas
-very thin walls
-a good blood supply

Question 16

what part of a plant cell stores sap?

Answer 16

vacuole

Question 17

what is osmosis?

Answer 17

diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution

Question 18

what is diffusion?

Answer 18

movement of particles from high to low concentrate

Question 19

what part of the cell releases energy by respiration?

Answer 19

mitochondria

Question 20

what is resolution?

Answer 20

the degree in which it is possible to distinguish between two objects that are very close together

Question 21

what is active transport?

Answer 21

the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to higher concentration

Question 22

what are eukaryotic cells?

Answer 22

-plants and animals
-have a nucleus that surrounds DNA

Question 23

what are prokaryotic cells?

Answer 23

-bacterial
-do not have a nucleus the DNA is called plasmid

Question 24

what is a genome?

Answer 24

an entire set of gentle material in an organism to help cure disease

Question 25

what are stem cells?

Answer 25

a cell of multicellular organism which is capable of giving more cells of the same type

Question 26

what is binary fission?

Answer 26

the process that bacteria cells use to create copies of themselves (reproduce)

Question 27

what happens in mitosis?

Answer 27

the cell ha produced two new daughter cells containing exactly the same DNA

Question 28

where can adult stem cells be found?

Answer 28

-brain
-eyes
-blood
-heart
-liver
-bone marrow
-skin
-muscle