history- conflict and tension Flashcards
What were the blame terms of the treaty of Versailles?
-article 231
-Germany not loud to join lead of nations
What a was article 231?
Germany and allies had to take fell responsibility for starting war
What was the reparation term of the ToV?
Article 232
What was article 232?
Germany was blamed for war and had to pay reparations to winners
What were the army terms of the ToV?
-Germany limited to 100,000 men (no conscription)
-Germany navy limited to 15,000 men an 6 battleships
What were the territory terms of the treaty?
-Danzig taken and made free
-Anschluss between Germany and Austria not aloud
-Germany split by polish corridor
-Rhineland was to be demilitarised
What were France’s reactions to the treaty?
-public happy with parts but wanted Germany punished
-George’s Clemenceau didn’t want Germany to have an army at all and have Rhineland taken
What was the USAs reaction to the treaty?
-public thought Germany should be left and USA didn’t were involved in war
-Woodrow Wilson wanted peace with Germany to trade
-Wilson wanted to join league on nations
What were Britain’s reactions to the ToV?
-public thought it was fair but not harsh enough
-good idea to have limited army
-liked land being taken
What were Germany’s reaction to terms of treaty of Versailles?
-hated treaty and being blamed
-forced to sign
-humiliated
-thought they had won but had everything taken
What are some strengths of the ToV?
-made world fair
-Germany couldn’t attack again
-losing countries payed for damage
-countries could rebuild
What are some weaknesses of the ToV?
-affecting people living in Germany
-could lead to another war
-would take Germany until 1980 to pay
-people in Germany felt unprotected
What was the original purpose of the League of Nations?
World peace and no more wars
What were some strengths of the League of Nations?
-written into all peace treaties at end of ww1
-vast membership
What were some weaknesses of the League of Nations?
-many important countries wouldn’t join
-no army-couldn’t force anyone to do anything
-complicated structure - confused people
-decision making was slow
What happened in vilna in 1920?
-Vilna was to be the capital of Lithuania and gain independence
-polish army took control of country and asked league to help
-league asked them remove army-refused
-league did nothing and Poland took vilna
What happened in 1923 in corfu?
-the boundaries between Greece and Albania were still to be agreed
-Italian general to decide but he was murdered
-wanted killers executed
-league looked after his money
-Mussolini undermined league- withdrew troops
League failed because Mussolini got away with his actions and proved league could be overturned
What happened during the Wall Street crash in 1929?
-American economy crashed and the country was plunged into depression
-whole world fell into depression
-successful because the league wasn’t powerful enough to help or control people
What year was the Locarno treaty?
1925
What was the Locarno treaty?
A treaty between Germany and France to help improve relations between two old enemies
Who was involved in the Locarno treaty?
The foreign minister of Germany was Gustavia stresemann an the french foreign minister was Aristide Brian’s
Other countries that were involved were Britain, Italy, Belgium and czechoslovakia
What was the significance of the locarno treaty?
Some historians believe this shows how weak the League of Nations were as France and Germany were able to do this
This also led to Germany joining the treaty of Versailles
What year was the Kellogg-Briad’s pact?
1928
What was the Kellogg-briand pact?
Countries met and signed an agreement stating that they would not use war as a way to solve disputes
Who was involved in the Kellogg-briand pact?
Germany
France
USA
What was the significance of the Kellogg-briand pact?
Shows the failure of the League of Nations and shows it wasn’t effective
What year was the Manchurian crisis?
1931
What happened during the Manchurian crisis?
-an explosion on the south Manchurian railway
-Japanese army claimed train had been attacked by china
Chinese denied
-Kwantung army used events to take over manchuria
-1932, japan renamed manchuko
-pu yi in charge as a puppet for japan
What were hitlers aims for Germany?
-overturn treaty of Versailles
-rearm germany
-unite Germany and Austria
-destroy communism
Why did hitler want to unite with Austria?
-hitler was born in Austria
-similar cultures
-shared language
-destroy treaty of Versailles
What was appeasement?
Giving hitler what he wanted so he didn’t start war
What was the Munich agreement?
Britain, France and Germany met up in Munich and signed hitler’s agreement
What were Britain’s reactions to appeasement?
-didn’t want to start another war
-Germany and Austria were the same country anyway
-no law was broken and it was voted for
-many people thought hitler could be a strong ally
What were France’s reactions to the treaty of Versailles?
-refused to disarm so there was nothing anyone could do
-felt an alliance that was against ussr was a good thing
What was the nazi-soviet pact?
-Stalin was determined to reclaim German and Russian territories
-hitler was concerned - sent foreign minister to make deal
-if ussr allowed Hitler to take invade they would gain land
-In 1939 a non - aggression pact was signed
Why didn’t the ussr trust Britain’s and France?
-when Hitler remilitarised the Rhineland and the League of Nations didn’t do anything (failing)
-ussr also felt France wouldn’t be able to protect them from Germany
What were the causes of WW2?
-Hitler was to blame
-appeasement
-The nazi-soviet pact
-failure of League of Nations
-treaty of Versailles
-the Great Depression
