Chemistry- 3 (Developing Fuels)

Question 1

Definition of an electrophile

Answer 1

A compound that is an electronic pair acceptor, usually polar

Question 2

How to test for an alkene?

Answer 2

Add Bromine, solution will decolourize. Double bond open and bromine bonded

Question 3

What is the ideal gas equation?

Answer 3

PV=nRT
Pressure Pa
Volume m^3
Temp in K

Question 4

If delta H is positive that means

Answer 4

More bonds are being made than broken. The reaction is endothermic.

Question 5

If delta H is negative that means

Answer 5

More bonds are being broken than made. So reaction is exothermic.

Question 6

What is enthalpy change in relation to Temp?

Answer 6

E= mcT
m=mass of water
T= change in temp
c=specific heat capacity of water

Question 7

Describe how a heterogenous catalyst works.

Answer 7

Catalyst in a different state.
Molecules ADSORB (adsorption) onto the surface
Bond in molecule weakens and break
Forms radicals
These radicals can react and form new molecules.
New molecules DESORB (desorption)

Question 8

How can isomers be structurally different?

Answer 8

1) Different carbon skeleton (branches)
2) Functional group in a different place
3) Different functional groups (alcohol & ether)
4) stereoisomerism (E/Z isomerism, double bond)