Biology-Cells Flashcards
What are stages of mitosis?
Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis
What does eukaryotic mean?
A complex cell with a nucleus, includes plants and animals
What does prokaryotic mean?
Simple cells with no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles
What are stem cells?
Unspecialised cells that differentiate. Also multiply uncontrollably
How do you calculate the image size?
Magnification x actual size
What does starch, protein and fat turn into?
Starch-amylase
Protein-amino acid
Fat-fatty acid & glycerol
What are the 3 things that affect the rate of reaction in enzymes?
pH, temperature and concentration
Define diffusion
Movement of small, non-polar molecules through a semi-permeable membrane. Down a concentration gradient.
Define osmosis
Osmosis is the NET movement of water from an area of high water potential to a low water potential. Through a semi-permeable membrane. Down a concentration gradient.
Define active transport
Movement of particles against the concentration gradient, by a carrier protein. Which requires energy
Why don’t enzymes catalyse every substrate?
They don’t catalyse every substrate because they need to fit like a lock and key
Name parts of a plant cell
Cell wall Cell membrane Chloroplasts Nucleus Vacuole Mitochondria Ribosomes Cyptoplasm
Name organelles found on eukaryotic cells (12)
Nucleus-nucleolus Ribosomes Mitochondria Centrioles Lysosome rER Smooth ER Golgi Vacuole Microtubules Cell membrane Cytoplasm
Name organelles in a prokaryotic cell (9)
Plasmid DNA Chromosomal DNA Cell wall Cell membrane Capsule Flagella Pili/ Fimbriae Free ribosomes Mesosome
State 2 properties of an organ
Made of of many types of cells.
Tissues work together to carry out overall function
