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micro > Chemical methods: antimicrobial agents > Flashcards

Chemical methods: antimicrobial agents Flashcards

1
Q

Antimicrobial agents can be

classified as

A
  • Bacteriostatic
  • Bacteriocidal
  • Bacteriolytic
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2
Q

Bacteriostatic is?

A

inhibit growth of microorganism

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3
Q

Bacteriocidal is ?

A

kill microorganism

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4
Q

Bacteriolytic?

A

kill microorganim by inducing lysis

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5
Q

What’s the difference between total cell counto and viable cell count?

A

total c dead+alive

viable: only the alive

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6
Q

Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)

A

smallest amount of an agent
needed to inhibit growth of a
microorganism

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7
Q

Minimum lethal concentration (MLC)

A

the lowest concentration of an agent

that kills a test organism

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8
Q

Minimum bacteriocidal concentration

MBC

A

the lowest concentration of

an agent that kills a test bacterium

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9
Q

MIC varies with?

A

the organism used, inoculum size, temp and PH

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10
Q

in bacteriostatic the total cell count and viable cell count is going to ?

A

plateau

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11
Q

in bacteriocidal, the total cell count and the viable cell count is going to ?

A

the total va pas changer mais le viable va decrease as the microorganism are killed

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12
Q

in bacteriolytic

A

both decreasing cause them to lyse so they all decrease

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13
Q

to determine the mbc?

A

take sample of the last 3 tubes and make a sample on agar

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14
Q

the tube with absolutely no growth is ?

A

the MBC

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15
Q

dics diffusion assay?

A

Antimicrobial agent added to

filter paper disc.

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16
Q

in a disc diffusion assay the MIC is?

A

reached at some distance from the disc

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17
Q

what’s the zone of inhibition?

A

area of no growth around the disc

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18
Q

bigger the zone of clear?

A

more the microbe is sensible to the antibiotic

19
Q

Antimicrobial compounds are used to

A 
-prevent spreading of a pathogen in the
environment,
-prevent contamination of the host
-cure superficial bacterial
infections
20
Q

Sterilants:

A

destroy all forms of microorganisms, including endospores

21
Q

These antimicrobial agents can be divided into two categories

A
  • products use to control microorganisms in commercial-industrial applications
  • other designed to prevent growth of human pathogens in inanimate environment and on external body surfaces
22
Q

Disinfectants/Sanitizers:

A

applied to nonliving objects or surface (can be toxic for

animals/humans)

23
Q

Disinfectants/Sanitizers do not kill?

A

endospores

24
Q

Antiseptics?

A

applied to the surface of living tissues or skin (must not be toxic for
animals/humans)

25
Q

antiseptics do not?

A

kill endospores

26
Q

Antimicrobial drugs:

A

drugs: Antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals: applied outside or inside the
body of animals/humans (must not be toxic for animals/humans).

27
Q

Antimicrobial drug do not ?

A

kill endospores

28
Q

Examples of Antiseptics, Desinfectants,

Sterilants

A
  • Phenol-phenolics
  • Alcohols
  • Halogens
  • Heavy metals
  • Quaternary ammonium
  • Alkylatin agents
29
Q

Phenol/phenolics are used as?

A

desinfectant(D) and antiseptic(A)

30
Q

what does phenol do?

A

disrupt cytoplasmic membrane,protein denaturant

31
Q

Alcohols are used as?

A

D,A

32
Q

what does alcohols do?

A
  • lipid solvent

- protein denaturants

33
Q

100 or 70 who works better than ?

A

70 because dehydrated them

34
Q

Halogens are used as?

A

D,A,S(sterilant)

35
Q

exemple of halogens?

A
  • chlorine(S,D)

- iodine(A)

36
Q

chlorines job is an?

A

oxidizing agent(ex sodium hypochlorite)

37
Q

iodine(A) is and?

A

iodinate tyrosine residues in protein,oxidizing agent

38
Q

Heavy metals are used as?

A

Desinfectant

39
Q

heavy metals job?

A

-modify proteins
-interact with RNA,DNA in different ways
(CuSO4,algaecide)

40
Q

Quaternary

ammonium act as?

A

desinfectant and antiseptic

41
Q

Quaternary

ammonium what’s their job?

A

Interact with phospholipids of cytoplasmic membrane

42
Q

Alkylating agents what’s their job?

A

very toxic

43
Q

exemple of alkylating agents?

A

formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde

micro (25 decks)

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