CHEM-1125 Final Exam Flashcards
What allows things to emulsify?
Polar part allows to be suspended in aqueous solution
Nonpolar part attracts hydrophobic past
T or F
It is always okay to pour reagents down the sink to dispose of them
False
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Saturated= no double bonds
Unsaturated= contains double bonds
Primary alcohols can be oxides into what? Can that product be even more oxidized?
Primary alcohol—> aldehyde—> carboxylic acid
What can secondary alcohols be oxidized to?
Ketones, cannot be more oxidized
T or F
Aldehydes and carboxylic acids are polar but ketones are not
False, all polar
How reactive a substance is is defined as _____
Volatility
CH3CH2Ch2 + Br2 w/ heat is what type of reaction?
Halogenation
What is the purpose of chromatography?
Analyze reaction mixtures by separating the compounds in mixture
Does an enzyme change throughout a reaction?
No
What allows soap to have a dual cleaning purpose?
Micelles
What is the simplest example of a secondary alcohol?
Ethanol
What does a positive Fehlings test mean?
There is a reducing sugar in substance
An organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen
Hydrocarbon
T or F
Aldehyde compounds are able to be oxidized
True
How do you calculate percent yield?
Mass of product
_________________ x 100
Theoretical yield
Which of the following would be the best way to test the purity of aspirin?
A. Melting point
B. Boiling point
C. Appearance in water solution
D. How well it packs into shape
A
T or F
Saturated fatty acids are mainly liquids at room temperature
F
T or F
Hydrocarbons are soluble in water
False
What functional group distinguishes alcohols from other groups?
Hydroxyl group
What is the Rf equation?
A/B
Which is more reactive? Unsaturated or saturated hydrocarbons?
Unsaturated since they have double and triple bonds
What catalyst is required in a halogenation reaction if an alkane?
Br2+ heat or light
Which disaccharide is not a reducing sugar and why?
Sucrose since fructose is 5 membered ring
What are the products of saponification reaction (hydrolysis of triglycerol in basic solution)?
Glycerol + fatty acid salts
Thin layer chromatography separates compounds based on _____.
Polarity
T or F
Ketones cannot go under oxidation
False, but they are very resistant to oxidation
How are fatty acids connected to glycerol molecule?
Ester bond
What physical state would you expect to find unsaturated fats at room temperature?
Liquid
What is one safety guideline for laboratory safety?
Wear goggles at all times when conducting experiment
List three safety rules of the laboratory
- No eating or drinking in lab
- No open toed shoes, need long pants, need hair tied back
- Be able to easily locate all safety equipment
What does a ketone become when it is reduced?
Secondary alcohol
A carbohydrate with 3-7 carbon atoms is what type of molecule?
Monosaccharide
Is propanol water soluble?
Yes
Why should you keep your Ben grip cleaned often?
To prevent accidents at your workplace
What is an analgesic?
Drug that relieves pain
T or F
Acetone is simplest ketone
True
T or F
Chromatography is a technique used to combine substances
False
Amylase breaks down what?
Carbs
Why don’t tertiary alcohols undergo oxidation?
Carbon connected to oxygen doesn’t have an H attached
In the Rf equation A/B, what does A and B represent?
A= distance a spot traveled
B= top of solvent
When developing a TLC plate, if a substance traveled less it means it’s more or less polar?
More polar less distance traveled
What are the two phases of TLC?
Stationary phase and mobile phase
In TLC experiment, which substance serves as the stationary phase? Is the mobile phase liquid or solid? Does it have to be pure or can it be mixed?
Polymers = stationary phase
Mobile phase liquid and can be both
Mobile or stationary phase?
Enhances separation of sample mixtures
Mobile
What breaks down starch?
Amylase
What suffix usually indicates the compound is an enzyme?
-ase
