Chapter 20 Flashcards
Disaccharides and polyssarachides are polymers of what?
Complex carbs
monosaccharides usually have __-__ carbon atoms and 1 ___ or 1 aldehyde
3-7 carbons
Ketone
What is most common type of monosaccharide? (structure)
Aldehydes with 5-6 carbons
How do you find the amount of isomers based on the number of chiral centers?
2^n
(3 chiral center= 2^3 = 8 isomers)
Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
Diastereoisomers
Do D or L sugars predominate in nature?
D sugars
How can you find the anomeric carbon?
C atom bonded to -OH and O in ring
A carb that can react in basic solutions with a mild oxidizing agent is called what?
Reducing sugar
(Aldehydes —> carboxylic acids)
If a Benedict’s test comes out green, ____,____, or red that means there is a reducing sugar
Brown
Orange
When sugar reacts with a reducing agent it turns the ___ group into a ___ group using ____ in the presence of a catalyst. What is the new suffix after going through this reaction?
Carbonyl group
Alcohol group
H2
-itol (glucose —> gluticol)
T or F
Ketoses cannot be reducing sugars but aldehydes can
False, ketose rearranged to endiol then made into aldehyde
T or F
In basic solutions all ketoses/ aldoses are reducing sugars
True
What type of bonds connects monosaccharides to make disaccharides and polysaccharides?
Glycosidic bond
Short chains of monosaccharides that bind to proteins
Glycoproteins
Type ___ blood contains acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-galactose which is attached to another acetyl-D-glucosamine, and L-fucose
Type A
Alpha or Beta anomer?
Beta, CH2OH same side as OH
Alpha or Beta anomer?
Alpha, CH2OH and OH on opposite sides
Alpha or Beta glucose?
Alpha
Alpha or Beta glucose?
Beta
