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Chem 4 > Chaptet 10: Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Chaptet 10: Acids and Bases Flashcards

1
Q

Arrhenius Acids produce ___ ions when they dissolve in water

A

H+

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2
Q

Arrhenius acids are also considered ______ because they produce H+ in water

A

Electrolytes

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3
Q

Acids taste _____, Bases taste _____

A

Acids: sour
Bases: bitter and chalky

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4
Q

Acids turn blue litmus paper ____

A

red

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5
Q

Do acids corrode some metals?

A

Yes

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6
Q

When do you name acids with the prefix HYDRO and end with -ic acid?

A

When the acid has a hydrogen ion and a nonmetal. ex: H+ and CN- becomes Hydrochloric acid

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7
Q

When do you change the name of an acid from “ate” to -ic acid and “ite” to -ous acid?

A

When H+ and a polyatomic ion are present. I.e ClO3 is Chlorate and ClO2 is chlorite

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8
Q

What is the anion and name of the anion of Hydrochloric Acid?

A

Cl- (chloride)

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9
Q

What is the name of HBr?

A

Hydrobromic Acid

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10
Q

What is the name of the acid H2CO3?

A

Carbonic Acid

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11
Q

What is the name of the acid HBrO2?

A

Bromous acid

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12
Q

Google “naming acid and bases worksheet with answers” for practice

A

…

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13
Q

Arrhenius bases produce _____ in water

A

Hydroxide ions (OH-)

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14
Q

Are bases electrolytes? Why?

A

Yes, because they produce OH- in water

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15
Q

Bases feel _____ and _____

A

soapy and slippery

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16
Q

Bases turn litmus indicator paper ____ and phenolphthalein indicator ____

A

Blue and Pink

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17
Q

Naming bases is just the name followed by _____

A

hydroxide. Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide, etc.

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18
Q

What is the name of HNO2?

A

Nitrous acid

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19
Q

What is the name of Ca(OH)2?

A

Calcium Hydroxide. (note the OH in the formula, indicating it’s a base)

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20
Q

What is the name of H2SO4?

A

Sulfuric acid (note the H in the beginning of the formula, indicating it’s an acid)

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21
Q

What is the name of HIO3?

A

Iodic Acid

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22
Q

What is the name of NaOH?

A

Sodium hydroxide

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23
Q

According to the Bronsted-Lowry acid and base theory, Acids donate ___ and bases accept the ____

A

H+

(HCl + h2o —–> h3O+ + Cl-)
The H in HCl went to the h2o and became H3O-, causing the Cl to become Cl- Donate and Accept.

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24
Q

In the reaction of ammonia and water, _____ acts as the base that accepts the H+ and _____ acts as the acid that donates the H+

A

NH3 and H2O. Both NH3 and H2O contain that H+ so remember that the H in NH3 takes the H from the water and becomes NH4+

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25
Q

Which is the base and which is the acid? HNO3 + H2O —–> H3O+ + NO3-

A

H2O is the base that accepts the H+ and the HNO3 is the acid that donates the H+

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26
Q

Write the conjugate base for this acid: HBr

A

HBr: H+ + Br-

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27
Q

Google conjugate base and acid worksheets for practice (stick to the ones we already use, Br, Cl, NH, H2O, etc.)

A

:-)

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28
Q

Weak acids _____ dissociate in water

A

Partially

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29
Q

Of the halogen acids, which one is the only weak one?

A

Hydrofluoric acid.

30
Q

A _____ acid completely ionizes in aqueous solutions

31
Q

Name this strong acid: HI

A

Hydrioiodic acid

32
Q

Name this strong acid: HBr

A

Hydrobromic acid

33
Q

Name this strong acid: HClO4

A

Perchloric acid

34
Q

Name this strong acid: HCl

A

Hydrochloric acid

35
Q

Name this strong acid: H2SO4

A

Sulfuric acid

36
Q

Name this strong acid: HNO3

A

Nitric acid

37
Q

Name this strong acid: H3O+

A

Hydronium ion

38
Q

In weak acids, only a few molecules _____

A

dissociate

39
Q

In weak acids, the concentrations of H3O+ and the anion are ____ whereas in strong acids, the concentrations are ____

A

Low and high.

40
Q

Name this weak acid: HSO4-

A

Hydrogen sulfate ion

41
Q

Name this weak acid: H3PO4

A

Phosphoric acid

42
Q

Name this weak acid: HNO2

A

Nitrous acid

43
Q

Name this weak acid: HF

A

Hydrofluoric acid (the only weak halogen acid)

44
Q

Name this weak acid: HC2H3O2

A

Acetic acid (will probably be on exam)

45
Q

Name this weak acid: H2CO3

A

Carbonic acid

46
Q

Name this weak acid: H2S

A

Hyrdosulfuric acid

47
Q

Name this weak acid: NH4+

A

Ammonium ion

48
Q

Strong bases are formed from which groups on the periodic table?

49
Q

Do strong bases dissociate completely in water?

50
Q

Do some strong bases include LiOH, NaOH, Ba(OH)2 and HCl?

A

All except HCl, which is an acid. (note, common bases will have OH, acids H)

51
Q

A weak base means a weak _____

A

electrolyte

52
Q

Weak bases include _____, _____, and ______

A

NH3, Na2CO3, and Na3PO4

53
Q

Weak bases produce few ____ in a solution

54
Q

Is Hbr a weak or strong acid?

A

Strong acid

55
Q

is HNO2 weak or strong? Acid or Base?

56
Q

Is NaOH weak or strong? acid or base?

A

Strong base

57
Q

Is H2SO4 weak or strong? acid or base?

A

Strong acid

58
Q

Is Cu(OH)2 weak or strong? acid or base?

59
Q

Which one is stronger? HNO2 or H2S?

60
Q

nice video on acids and bases: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/acids-and-bases-topic/acids-and-bases/v/strong-acids-and-strong-bases

61
Q

In an equilibrium reaction, ____ reactions are taking place, and a reversible reaction proceeds in both the ____ and ___ directions

A

Two reactions; both forward and reverse

62
Q

When is equilibrium reached?

A

When there are no further changes in the concentrations of reactants and products, and the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse action

63
Q

Water is amphoteric, meaning?

A

It can act as both an acid ora base

64
Q

In water, ___ is transferred from one H2O molecule to another

65
Q

In water, one ____ acts as an acid while another acts as a base

66
Q

In the equation for the dissociation of ____, there is both a forward and a reverse reaction

67
Q

In pure _____, the concentrations of H3O+ and OH- at 25”C are each 1.0 x 10^-7M.

68
Q

Look up worksheets on calculating H3O+, OH- and the pH “Kw”

69
Q

When is water acidic or basic?

A

If H3O+ and OH- are equal, the solution is neutral. When H3O+ is greater than OH-, the solution is acidic and vice versa.

70
Q

When H3O+ or OH- is increased in a solution, what happens?

A

The other one decreases.

71
Q

If H3O+ in a solution is increased, what happens to the OH-

A

The OH- decreases and the H3O+ exceeds 1.0 x 10^-7

72
Q

Stopping at slide 110 out 144 due to not being sure if we need to know acids and Hydroxides

Chem 4 (15 decks)

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