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Chem 4 > Chapter three and four > Flashcards

Chapter three and four Flashcards

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1
Q

Pure substances have a ____ or _____ composition

A

fixed or definite

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2
Q

_______ contain two or more different substances that are physically mixed but not chemically combined

A

Mixtures

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3
Q

Higher densities mean the particles are _______

A

closely packed together

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4
Q

Lower densities mean that the particles are _______

A

farther apart

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5
Q

Are elements pure substances?

A

Yes

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6
Q

A ______ that is composed of two or more elements is always combined in the same proportion

A

Compound

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7
Q

An _____ is composed of one type of atom

A

Element

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8
Q

A ____ is a type of matter that consists of two more substances that are physically mixed but not chemically combined

A

mixture

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9
Q

Are mixtures two or more substances in different proportions that can be separated by physical methods?

A

Yes

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10
Q

A ______ mixture has uniform composition throughout the sample

A

homogeneous

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11
Q

In a ______ mixture, the different parts of the mixture are not visible

A

homogeneous (not visible…homosexuals used to be not visible) i.e brass

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12
Q

In a ______ mixture, the composition varies from one part of the mixture to the other. I.e water and copper

A

Heterogenous

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13
Q

Is air a mixture or pure substance?

A

Homogenous mixture

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14
Q

What has a definite shape, volume, and the particles are held close together by strong attractive forces?

A

Solids

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15
Q

____ have particles that are arranged in a rigid pattern and can only vibrate slowly in fixed positions

A

solids

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16
Q

What has a definite volume, but not a definite shape?

A

Liquids

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17
Q

What takes the same shape as their container with particles that move slowly in random directions?

A

Liquids

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18
Q

What has an indefinite shape and volume, but takes the same shape and volume as their container?

A

Gases

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19
Q

What has particles that are far apart, move at high speeds, and have little attraction to each other?

A

Gases

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20
Q

Are boiling and freezing points physical or chemical properties?

A

Physical

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21
Q

Is density a chemical property?

A

No, physical

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22
Q

______ properties should be observed or measured without changing the identity of a substance

A

Physical

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23
Q

_____ properties describe the ability of a substance to interact with other substances and to change into a new substance

A

Chemical

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24
Q

In a chemical change, the original substance is turned into one or m ore new substances with new and physical properties. True or false?

A

True

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25
Q

During a chemical change, a new substance forms that has a new ______, new ____ properties, and new ______ properties

A

composition, physical, chemical

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26
Q

Iron nails rusting(Fe2O3) is a ____ change

A

chemical

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27
Q

F to C formula is=

A

times the F temperature by 1.8 and add 32

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28
Q

C to F formula is=

A

subtract 32 from the F temperature and divide that by 1.8

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29
Q

_______ energy is the energy of motion

A

kinetic

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30
Q

______ energy is determined by the position of an object or its chemical composition

A

Potential (i.e the water building behind a dam)

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31
Q

Heat is energy. True or false

A

True

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32
Q

With heat, the energy is associated with the ____ of particles

A

motion

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33
Q

The faster the particles move, the greater the _____ or thermal energy of the substance

A

heat

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34
Q

What is the SI unit of energy?

A

Joule (J)

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35
Q

1kj = _____J

A

1,000J

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36
Q

1cal = ______J

A

4.184 (exact)

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37
Q

1kcal = ______cal

A

1,000

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38
Q

The unit ____ is defined by the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1’C

A

calorie

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39
Q

How many calories are obtained from a pat of butter if it provides 150J of energy when metabolized

A

36cal

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40
Q

Is specific heat the same for all substances?

A

No.

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41
Q

____ ____ is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of exactly 1g or a substance by 1’C

A

Specific Heat

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42
Q

Specific heat uses which units in the SI and metric system?

A

SI= J/g’c and metric= cal/g’c

43
Q

SH formula?

A

SH = heat divided by (mass)(temp change)

44
Q

In the periodic table, the letter A is used to label the representative elements 1A-8A. True or false?

A

True

45
Q

Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr are _____ metals and are in group ___

A

Alkali (representative element) group 1A

46
Q

Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra are _____ ____ metals and are in group _____

A

alkaline earth metals, group 2A

47
Q

F, Cl, Br, I, At, and Ts are _____ and are in group ____

A

Halogens, group 7A

48
Q

He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn, and Og are ____ and are in group _____

A

Noble gases, group 8A

49
Q

Li is _____

A

Lithium

50
Q

Na is _____

A

Sodium

51
Q

K is ______

A

Potassium

52
Q

Cl is ____

A

Chlorine

53
Q

Br is ____

A

Bromine

54
Q

I is ______

A

Iodine

55
Q

Mg is _____

A

magnesium

56
Q

_____ are ductile, malleable, good conductors of electricity, and solid at room temperature

A

Metals

57
Q

_____ melt at much higher temperatures than nonmetals

A

Metals

58
Q

Are most metals dull?

A

No, most are shiny

59
Q

True or false, nonmetals have low melting points and low densities

A

True

60
Q

Are nonmetals dull, not easily stretched or broken?

A

Yes

61
Q

Are non metals good conductors of heat and electricity?

A

No

62
Q

_______ such as B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po, At, and Ts, exhibit some properties typical of metals and some typical of nonmetals

A

Metalloids

63
Q

Metalloids are….. (describe)

A

Better conductors than nonmetals, but not as good as metals. Are semiconductors because they can be modified to function as conductors or insulators.

64
Q

Which four elements make up 96% of our body mass?

A

Calcium, Potassium, Phosphorous, Sodium, Magnesium, chlorine, and Sulfur (Ca, P, K, Cl, S, Na, and Mg)

65
Q

What is the smallest particle of an element that retains characteristics of that element?

A

Atom

66
Q

Are all atoms of a given element identical to one another but different from atoms of other elements?

A

Yes

67
Q

Atoms can never be….

A

Created or destroyed

68
Q

Atoms of two or more different elements combine to form ______. A particular _____ is always made up of the same kinds of atoms and the same number of each kind of atom

A

Compounds

69
Q

Protons, neutrons and electrons are called ____ ____

A

Subatomic particles

70
Q

Two positive charges will ____ each other

A

Repel

71
Q

Two negative charges will _____ each other

A

repel

72
Q

One neg and one positive will ____ each other

A

attract

73
Q

Atoms contain a nucleus, which is a small and ______ charged region in the center

A

Positive

74
Q

The region of space surrounding the nucleus of the atom is occupied by _____

A

electrons

75
Q

Do atoms have mass?

A

Yes

76
Q

A proton has a mass of about 1 amu, along with the mass of a neutron. Which one is slightly heavier?

A

The neutron (1.008amu) proton (1.007)

77
Q

What is the mass of an electron?

A

0.00055 amu

78
Q

In an tom, the _____ is found outside the nucleus, the ______ has a positive charge, and the ______ has no charge

A

Electron, proton, neutron

79
Q

Iodine symbol:

A

I

80
Q

Iron symbol:

A

Fe

81
Q

Magnesium symbol:

A

Mg

82
Q

zinc symbol:

A

Zn

83
Q

Lithium symbol

A

Li

84
Q

Phosphorous symbol:

A

P

85
Q

Argon symbol:

A

Ar

86
Q

Beryllium symbol:

A

Be

87
Q

Potassium symbol:

A

K

88
Q

Mercury is a _____ at room temp.

A

liquid

89
Q

All atoms of an element have the same number of _______ and the same atomic number(which is NOT atomic mass)

A

protons

90
Q

Atomic number = number of ____

A

protons

91
Q

The atomic number appears _____ the symbol of an element on the PT

A

above

92
Q

Carbon has the atomic number 6, so every C has ___ protons

A

6

93
Q

Copper has atomic number 29 so, every CU atom has 29 protons. True?

A

Yes

94
Q

DO the number of protons equal the number of electrons?

A

Yes

95
Q

Atoms of any element have a net charge of ____

A

zero

96
Q

The mass number represents the number of ____ and ____ combined

A

protons and neutrons

97
Q

The mass number represents the number of _____ in the _____

A

particles in the nucleus

98
Q

____ are atoms of the same element that have different mass numbers.

A

Isotopes

99
Q

Do isotopes have different numbers of protons or neutrons?

A

Neutrons. Same number of protons.

100
Q

When drawing an atomic symbol, does the mass number goes on the upper or lower left side?

A

Upper

101
Q

_____ electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level

A

Valence

102
Q

the ____ ____ is indicative of the number of valence electrons for the representative elements

A

Group number (1A-8A)

103
Q

heat fusion= 80cal/g. formula to find heat fusion?

A

?

Chem 4 (15 decks)

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