Chapters 23-30 Test Flashcards
What were two types of decrees from the Lateran Councils? Give an example of each.
- Reform of the Church [ex: fighting simony, priest marriage]
- Reform of the society [ex: excommunicating counterfeiters, condemning the use of the catapult]
Where were the first three universities?
Paris, Oxford, and Bologna
What are 3 types of symbolism in Gothic churches?
- Verticality: draws the eyes up to heaven
- Light shining into darkness
- Cruciform floor plan
What does Islam mean?
Submission
Koran/Q’ran
Muslim holy book
Mohammed
Prophet of Allah, began Islam
The one God of the Muslims
Allah
What was the state of Arabia during Mohammed’s time?
Clans were constantly at war.
Jihad
Holy war; how Muslims spread their religion
What was the effect of the spread of Islam on Christianity?
Eastern and Western Christians lost contact and grew apart.
What was the Eastern Church offended about about the Western Church?
The Western Church was saying Alleluiah during Lent.
Alleluiah
Rejoice! Hooray!
Lent
40 days of solemn preparation for Easter
Icons
Religious paintings which were heavily emphasized in a Eastern Christian tradition. The figures’ eyes were the focal points of the icons.
What was strange about icons in the way they represented Mary and Jesus?
Jesus was extremely tiny in proportion to Mary, but he looked like a little adult.
Theology
Study of God
What did Bernard of Chartres say?
“We are like dwarves standing on the shoulders of giants.” He was talking about thinkers of the past.
Anselm
Wrote the Ontological Proof, which used logic to “prove” the existence of God.
Sic et Non
“Yes and No.” It was a book written by Peter Abelard. In it, he uses logic to resolve apparent contradictions in the Scriptures and in the Father’s writings.
