Chapters 12,13,14,15 test Flashcards
Adoptionism
Belief that because Jesus was a good man, God adopted Him as a “son.” Condemned by Church.
Docetism
Belief that Jesus is God but only appeared human. Condemned by Church.
Arianism
Belief, originally from Arius, that Jesus is above humans but below God, something like a demigod. Condemned by Church.
What did the Council of Nicea in 325 say to combat Arianism?
Jesus is “God from God, light from light, true God from true God, begotten not made, consubstantial with the Father; through him all things were made.” (Nicene Creed)
What did the Council of Chalcedon declare in 451?
The Son is fully like God as regards divinity, and fully like us as regards humanity.
Trinity
There is one God; three “persons” in God: Father, Son, Spirit
Saint
Any holy person
Doctor of the Church
Honorary title for great teachers
Father of the Church
Influential man who wrote in early times
Grace
God’s love at work within; God’s gift of the power to do what you could not do on your own
Confessions
The first autobiography, written by Augustine
St. Monica
Augustine’s mother, who prayed for Augustine for 30 years
What happened in 410?
The Goths attacked Rome for 3 days
City of God
A book written by Augustine to answer the question, “Why worship the Christian God who does not protect the Empire from defeats?” and, less specifically, “Why does God let suffering happen?” Augustine uses the idea of providence to answer.
Providence
A Stoic (Seneca) idea. Overseeing; God watches over human events
Seneca’s idea of Providence
- Orderliness of the world proves that there’s an Overseer
- The gods are like friends to virtuous men. Like a stern parent, lets you suffer hardship so you can learn.
- Get rid of material things. Prosperity=wall of fog
- Fate controls all, even the gods
What Bible passage inspired St. Anthony?
Matthew 19: 16-30 Jesus says to a rich young man, “If you would be perfect, give away all you own and follow me.”
St. Anthony
The first monk/hermit. Was inspired by a Bible passage, and went out into the desert to live alone.
Monk
A person whose entire life is ordered around prayer and cultivation of his relationship with God
Hermit
A subset of monks; live in solitude and harsh conditions
Simeon Stylites
A famous hermit who lived atop a pillar for 40 years in Syria.
Pachomius
Tried to make monasticism more accessible/less harsh. Created a community of monks who prayed alone, but worked together to meet their physical needs.
Advent
4 weeks of preparation for Christmas. Adventus=arrival of the Messiah
Traditional hymn of Advent
“Oh Come Emmanuel” Emmanuel= God with us
Christmas
12 days of celebrating the Incarnation of Jesus (beginning with his birth.)
What event in the Rick and Jerry in the Cascades story needs to be explained?
Why didn’t the men die? That is, why did they suddenly leave their campsite on the ridge right before lightning struck it?
4 common explanations for the mens’ survival in the Rick and Jerry in the Cascades story
- It was luck/random
- God intervened
- Fate/destiny/”Not their time to die”
- Rick’s instinct/6th sense
C.S. Lewis
An extremely prominent Christian writer. Wrote Narnia and the Problem of Pain.
What happened in C.S. Lewis’s life that caused him to suffer?
He fell in love late in life with a woman named Joy, who then was diagnosed with cancer and died.
What was C.S. Lewis’s theory about the cause of suffering?
God has created a world in which we can operate with free will. To exercise free will we need a world which has fixed laws of physics and biology.
