Chapters 22 23 24 Quiz Questions

Question 1

What organs lining or lumen has the largest surface area?

Answer 1

Small intestine

Question 2

Can the shape of the stomach change? Why/how?

Answer 2

Yes. Folds, or Rugae, allow for expansion

Question 3

What are some functions of saliva?

Answer 3

Lubricating the mouth
Moistening food
Beginning chemical digestion

Question 4

Where in the digestive system does the most absorption occur? What are the three parts?

Answer 4

Small intestine

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 5

What would the activation of the sympathetic nervous system do to the digestive tract?

Answer 5

It would inhibit it

Question 6

What is the two layered serous membrane that surrounds most of the digestive organs?

Answer 6

Peritoneum

Question 7

Which fat soluble vitamins can be stored by the body?

Answer 7

K, A, D and E

Question 8

What is the name of the movement that is caused by the muscularis externa to move food through the digestive tract by sequential contractions?

Answer 8

Peristalsis

Question 9

What does the large intestine absorb besides water?

Answer 9

Vitamins, electrolytes

Question 10

What are the 3 types of salivary glands?

Answer 10

Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular

Question 11

What are the primary functions of the stomach?

Answer 11

Secretion, propulsion and digestion (chemical and mechanical)

Question 12

In what way are the small intestine and large intestine similar?

Answer 12

Both are sites of absorption

Question 13

What type of absorption is the large intestine mostly concerned with?

Answer 13

Reclaiming water

Question 14

What is the function of gastrin?

Answer 14

Stimulates stomach muscles to mix the food

Stimulates acid secretion (H+)

Question 15

What organ is glucose spared for during the postabsorptive state when the liver uses triglycerides for energy?

Answer 15

The brain

Question 16

What is the process called when our bodies break down food from complex molecules to simpler molecules to release energy?

Answer 16

Catabolism

Question 17

Over reliance on triglycerides for energy can leave the body flooded in metabolite the liver cannot recycle which can lead to a condition known as:

Answer 17

Ketoacidosis

Question 18

Where does the citric acid cycle occur?

Answer 18

Mitochondria

Question 19

Can you overdose on vitamin C? Why or why not?

Answer 19

You cannot overdose on it because the body does not store it

Question 20

What process yields 2 pyruvates, 2 ATP and occurs in the cytoplasm?

Answer 20

Glycolysis

Question 21

What are the two main parts of the nephron?

Answer 21

The renal corpuscle and the renal tubule

Question 22

Where is urine moved to for storage after it leaves the kidneys?

Answer 22

Bladder

Question 23

About what percentage of cardiac output is sent to the kidneys?

Answer 23

25%

Question 24

What is a normal pH for urine?

Answer 24

Slightly acidic at 6.0 pH

Question 25

What does the presence of rugae in the lining of the bladder suggest that it can do?

Answer 25

Expand

Question 26

What are some functions of the urinary system?

Answer 26

Adjusts blood pH Conserves water loss Adjust blood volume

Question 27

How many sphincters are in the urinary system? Voluntary or involuntary

Answer 27

Two sphincters one is voluntary

Question 28

What does the afferent arterial become as it leaves the glomerulus?

Answer 28

The peritubular capillaries

Question 29

Which nervous system primarily controls regulation of blood flow to the kidneys?

Answer 29

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 30

What do the filtration slits in the glomerulus allow the passage of?

Answer 30

Fluid and small solutes

Question 31

What is fluid removed from the blood in the glomerular corpuscles called?

Answer 31

Filtrate

Question 32

What process happens in the renal tubule and returns desirable substances like glucose back into the blood?

Answer 32

Reabsorption

Question 33

Is the urethra longer in men or women?

Answer 33

Men

Question 34

Compared to blood which element is in highest concentration in the urine?

Answer 34

Nitrogen

Question 35

What do the long loops of Henle in the juxtamedullary nephrons promote as they extend deep into the renal medulla where peritubular fluid has high osmotic concentration?

Answer 35

Promote water recovery and concentrated urine

Question 36

Which organ has the task of storing and concentrating bile?

Answer 36

Gallbladder

Question 37

Where in the digestive system are plicae circulares, microvilli and villi found?

Answer 37

Small intestine

Question 38

What are some of the functions of the liver?

Answer 38

Make blood plasma proteins Regulate the composition of nutrients in our blood Produce bile

Question 39

What is the name for the soupy mixture that travels through the pyloric sphincter? Where does it enter from there?

Answer 39

Chyme moves into the duodenum

Question 40

What does cholecystokinin (CCK) do?

Answer 40

Triggers the secretion of digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions from the pancreas

Question 41

Is swallowing a voluntary or involuntary process?

Answer 41

Both voluntary and involuntary

Question 42

What is the primary storage form of carbohydrate energy and skeletal muscles and liver?

Answer 42

Glycogen

Question 43

What is the amount of energy called that is needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1°C?

Answer 43

Calorie

Question 44

Where are the membrane proteins that are reduced by NADH and FADH2‘s electrons found?

Answer 44

In the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 45

If the last meal you eat was six hours ago, what is the liver doing?

Answer 45

Releasing glucose from its glycogen stores

Question 46

What does the electron transport system create that is used to make ATP? How is this done?

Answer 46

Creates glucose by oxidizing and reducing a chain of membrane proteins

Question 47

What percentage of water do the kidneys recover? How much blood do they filter per day?

Answer 47

99% of water 180 liters of blood

Question 48

What are some things that will affect glomerular filtration rate?

Answer 48

Release of angiotensin Constriction of efferent arterioles Dilation of afferent arterioles

Question 49

What is the force that drives filtration?

Answer 49

Hydrostatic pressure