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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapters 1: Organization of the Body > Flashcards

Chapters 1: Organization of the Body Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of ANATOMY?

A

The study of the STRUCTURE of an organism and the relationship of its parts

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2
Q

What is the definition of PHYSIOLOGY?

A

The study of the FUNCTIONS of living organisms and their parts.

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3
Q

If living organisms are self-organized and self-maintaining, this is ____________:

A

Autopoiesis

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4
Q

Metabolism=__________+___________

A

Catabolism & Anabolism

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5
Q

What are the structure levels of organization?

A

Chemicals, Organelles, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ System, and Organism

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6
Q

Describe the anatomical position.

A

Standing erect w/ arms at the sides with palms facing forwards.

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7
Q

Supine

A

Lying facing upwards.

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8
Q

Prone

A

Lying downward.

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9
Q

3 Types of anatomical position:

A
  1. Bilateral Symmetry
  2. Ipsilateral Symmetry
  3. Contralateral Symmetry
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10
Q

Bilateral Symmetry

A

Right & Left sides of the body are mirrored.

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11
Q

Ipsilateral Symmetry

A

Points are one the same side of the body in an anatomical position.

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12
Q

Contralateral Symmetry

A

Points are on the opposite side of the body in anatomical position.

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13
Q

What are the two main body cavities?

A

Dorsal & ventral

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14
Q

What does the dorsal cavity contain?

A

Cranial cavity & spinal cavity.

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15
Q

What are the components of the ventral cavity?

A

Thoracic (upper) & Abdominopelvic (lower).

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16
Q

What are the 2 areas of the thoracic cavity?

A

Mediastinum & Pleural

17
Q

What is the mediastinum?

A

Mid-portion of the thoracic cavity. Contains the heart, trachea, bronchi, esophagus, thymus, nerves, lymph nodes, blood & lymph vessels.

18
Q

What is the pleural cavity?

A

On both sides of the mediastinum. Contains the lungs. (Right lung in rt. PV; left in lt PV).

19
Q

Which organ separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

A

Diaphragm

20
Q

Appendages are part of the axial body. T | F

A

False

21
Q

Superior

A

Towards the head

22
Q

Inferior

A

Towards the feet

23
Q

Anterior

A

Front of body

24
Q

Posterior

A

Back of body

25
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

26
Q

Medial

A

Midline of structure.

27
Q

Proximal

A

Close

28
Q

Distal

A

Far

29
Q

Superficial

A

Close to surface.

30
Q

Deep

A

Deep

31
Q

What is the LUMEN?

A

Hollow area of an organ.

32
Q

What is the MEDULLARY?

A

Inner region/core of an organ.

33
Q

What is CORTICAL? (or cortex)

A

Outer region/layer of an organ.

34
Q

What is APICAL? (apex)

A

Narrow tip of organ.

35
Q

What is BASAL? (base)

A

Base or widest point.

36
Q

What are the 3 body planes?

A

Sagittal, axial, and coronal

37
Q

What is a diagonal cross section called?

A

Oblique

Anatomy & Physiology (17 decks)

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