Chapter 8: Introduction to Tissues Flashcards
What is a TISSUE?
A group of cells held together by an extracellular matrix, which are similar in structure and perform common or related functions.
What are the 4 main types of tissues?
Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
Tissues organize into 3 primary germ levels within 2 weeks of conception. What are they?
Endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm.
What are the four shapes of epithelial cells?
Squamous, cuboidal, columnar, & transitional.
In what ways can they be arranged?
Simple, transitional (bladder) or stratified.
Organize the tissues in order of most easily repaired to least:
Epithelial/Connective
Muscle & Nerve
Cartilage
Damaged tissue is removed by what?
Phagocytes
What is HISTOGENESIS?
Over time, the cells of each germ layer differentiate to to form specific tissues.
What are the 3 types of extracellular matrix?
Collagen, elastin, and glycoproteins/proteoglycans (combo of proteins and carbs).
Body membranes
A thin, sheetlike structure that covers and protects the body’s surface, lines body cavities, and covers the inner surfaces of hollow organs such as the digestive, reproductive, and respiratory passageways.
What are some functions performed by membranes?
Secrete fluids for lubrication, provide protection from irritants, and anchors bones and organs.
What are the 2 major types of membranes in the body?
Epithelial and connective tissue.
What are the 3 types of epithelial membranes?
Cutaneous (skin), serous (parietal/visceral), and mucous.
What are mucocutaneous junctions?
Where the skin and the mucous membranes meet. Ex. lips, eyes, anus
Connective Tissue Membranes
Examples are synovial membranes between joints and in the lining of bursae. Produces synovial fluid.
