Chapter 6: Cell Function

Question 1

What are the 2 methods of transportation?

Answer 1

Active and passive transport

Question 2

What are the 5 types of passive transport?

Answer 2

Simple diffusion, osmosis, dialysis, facilitated (channel-mediated & carrier mediated), and filtration.

Question 3

Passive Transport

Answer 3

Do not require energy, moves based on concentration.

Question 4

Active Transport

Answer 4

Only occurs in living cells, through living membranes. Requires energy from ATP. Movement of substances is “up the concentration gradient” (low to high)

Question 5

What are the 2 types of active transport?

Answer 5

Membrane pumps & transport by vesicles (endo and exo cytosis)

Question 6

Membrane Pumps

Answer 6

It uses energy from ATP to move substances across cell membranes AGAINST their concentration gradient.

Question 7

A protein complex in the cell membrane is called the ________:

Answer 7

Carrier

Question 8

Endocytosis

Answer 8

Receptors recognize the substance and bring it into the cell

Question 9

Exocytosis

Answer 9

Intracellular material are enclosed by vesicles by the G.A. Vesicles are pulled out to the plasma membrane and release contents.

Question 10

What are the two types of endocytosis?

Answer 10

Phagocytosis-“cellular eating” Lysosomes digest the particles.
Pinocytosis-“cellular drinking’ Fluids and substances dissolved in it enter the cell.

Question 11

Simple Diffusion

Answer 11

Molecules move and spread out evenly. High concentration–>low concentration.

Question 12

Osmosis

Answer 12

Diffusion where WATER passes through a membrane while the substances cannot. Water is permeant.

Question 13

Simple Diffusion occurs through a ________ layer:

Answer 13

Phospholipid

Question 14

Osmotic Pressure:

Answer 14

Water pressure that develops in a solution as a result of osmosis.

Question 15

Isotonic Solution

Answer 15

Water concentration is same inside & outside of the cell.

Question 16

Hypotonic Solution

Answer 16

Higher concentration of water outside of cell results in water moving into the cell.

Question 17

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 17

Lower concentration of water outside the cell causes water to flow out of cell.

Question 18

Dialysis

Answer 18

Causes the separation of smaller solute particles from larger ones. Diffusion of solutes across a membrane.

Question 19

What are the 2 types of faciliated diffusion?

Answer 19

Channel mediated & carrier mediated

Question 20

Channel-Mediated P.T

Answer 20

Channels are specific, as in they only allow one type of solute to pass through.

Question 21

What facilitated diffusion channels may be open or closed and are activated by a variety of stimuli?

Answer 21

Channel Mediated

Question 22

Carrier-Mediated P.T

Answer 22

Carriers attract and bind to the solute, change shape, and release the solutte out the other side of the carrier.

Question 23

Carrier-mediated P.T

Answer 23

Works one way. Not back and forth.

Question 24

Filtration

Answer 24

Movement of water and permeable solutes (dissolved substances) through a membrane from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure (molecules can be forced through membranes).

Question 25

Hydrostatic Pressure

Answer 25

Pushing force on the side of the membrane.