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physics 1310 > chapter3 > Flashcards

chapter3 Flashcards

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1
Q

As you read this in your chair, how fast are you moving relative to the chair? Relative to the Sun?

A

You are not moving relative to the chair, but you are moving over 100,000 km/h relative to the Sun.

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2
Q

What is the average speed in kilometers per hour of a horse that gallops a distance of 15 km in a time of 30 min?

A

30 km/h

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3
Q

If a car is moving at 90 km/h and it rounds a corner, also at 90 km/h, does it maintain a constant speed? A constant velocity?

A

It maintains a constant speed, but does not maintain a constant velocity

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4
Q

Which BEST describes what occurs when a body accelerates?

A

Change in velocity per unit time

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5
Q

A ball rolling down an inclined plane each second picks up ______.

A

the same amount of speed each second

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6
Q

Galileo discovered that when air resistance can be neglected, all objects fall with the same ______.

A

acceleration

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7
Q

What is the acceleration of a car moving along a straight road that increases its speed from 0 to 100 km/h in 10 s?

A

10 km/h·s

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8
Q

What is the gain in speed per second for a freely falling object?

A

It gains approximately 10 m/s.

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9
Q

What exactly is meant by a “freely falling” object?

A

An object in free fall falls under gravity alone with no friction

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10
Q

What is the effect of air resistance on the acceleration of falling objects?

A

Air resistance decreases the acceleration of falling objects

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11
Q

What is the speed over the ground of an airplane flying at 100 km/h relative to the air caught in a 100-km/h right-angle crosswind?

A

141 km/h

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12
Q

Jogging Jake runs at 4 m/s along a train flatcar that moves at 10 m/s in the opposite direction. Jake’s speed relative to the ground is

A

6 m/s

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13
Q

When you walk at an average speed of 4 m/s, in 5 s you’ll cover a distance of

A

20 m

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14
Q

A vehicle undergoes acceleration when it

A
  • gains speed.
  • loses speed.
  • changes its direction
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15
Q

While a car travels around a circular track at a constant speed, its

A

none

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16
Q

If a car increases its velocity from zero to 60 m/s in 10 seconds, its acceleration is

A

6 m/s2

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17
Q

An object covers a distance of 8 meters in the first second of travel, another 8 meters during the next second, and 8 meters again during the third second. Its acceleration is

A

0

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18
Q

A cart changes its speed from 90 m/s to 100 m/s in 10 seconds. During this interval its acceleration is

A

1 m/s2

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19
Q

If an object moves with constant acceleration, its velocity must

A

change by the same amount each second.

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20
Q

change by the same amount each second.

A

the same

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21
Q

A ball tossed vertically upward rises, reaches its highest point, and then falls back to its starting point. During this time the acceleration of the ball is always

A

directed downward.

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22
Q

A car’s speed 3 seconds after accelerating from rest at 2 m/s2 is

A

6 m/s

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23
Q

A ball starting from rest at the top of an inclined plane gains a speed of 2 m/s for each second it rolls. What is its acceleration down the incline?

A

2 m/s2

24
Q

The time it takes a car to attain a speed of 30 m/s when accelerating from rest at 2 m/s2 is

A

15 s

25
Q

What is the acceleration of a car that starts from rest and 5 seconds later reaches a speed of 20 m/s?

A

4 m/s2

26
Q

If a stone falls to the bottom of a mineshaft in 6 seconds, then the depth of the shaft is about

A

180 m

27
Q

If a freely falling object were equipped with a speedometer, its speed reading would increase each second by about

A

10 m/s

28
Q

If a freely falling object were equipped with a speedometer on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 20 m/s2, then its speed reading would increase each second by

A

20 m/s

29
Q

A ball is thrown upwards and returns to the same location. Compared with its initial speed its speed when it returns is about

A

the same

30
Q

At one instant an object in free fall is moving downward at 50 m/s. One second later its speed is

A

60 m/s

31
Q

At one instant a heavy object in air is moving upward at 50 m/s. One second later its speed is approximately

A

40 m/s

32
Q

If you throw a ball straight downward (in the absence of air resistance), after leaving your hand its acceleration is

A

10 m/s2

33
Q

The total time it takes a projectile fired straight up at 10 m/s to reach the top of its path and return to its starting point is about

A

2 s

34
Q

When a ball thrown straight upwards reaches the very top of its path, its acceleration is

A

10 m/s2

35
Q

Phil Physiker standing at the edge of a cliff throws one ball straight up and another ball straight down, both with the same speed. Neglecting air resistance, which ball hits the ground below with the greater speed?

A

neither, both hit with the same speed

36
Q

Neglecting air resistance, a bullet fired straight down from the top of a high cliff has an acceleration of

A

10 m/s2

37
Q

Phil leans over the edge of a cliff and throws a rock upward at 5 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, one second later the rock’s speed is

A

5 m/s

38
Q

Phil leans over the edge of a cliff and throws a rock upward at 5 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, two seconds later the rock’s speed is

A

15 m/s

39
Q

A river 100 m wide flows due south at 1 m/s. A boat that travels 1 m/s relative to the water is pointed due east as it crosses from the west bank. The boat reaches the east bank

A

100 m farther south

40
Q

A motorboat that normally travels at 8 km/h in still water heads directly across a 6-km/h flowing river. The resulting speed of the boat is about

A

10 km/h

41
Q

The average speed of a horse that gallops 10 kilometers in 30 minutes is

A

20 km/h

42
Q

A cart maintains a constant velocity of 100 m/s for 10 seconds. During this interval its acceleration is

A

zero

43
Q

A ball starting from rest at the top of an inclined plane accelerates at 2 m/s2 and reaches the bottom of the plane in 3 seconds. What is the length of the plane?

A

9 m

44
Q

A freely-falling watermelon falls with constant

A

acceleration

45
Q

Ten seconds after starting from rest, a car is moving at 40 m/s. What is the car’s acceleration?

A

4.0 m/s2

46
Q

The accelerations possible for a ball on an inclined plane

A

range from zero to g

47
Q

While an iron block near the Earth’s surface is in free fall, it undergoes an increase in

A

speed

48
Q

If an object falling freely were somehow equipped with an odometer to measure the distance it travels, then the amount of distance it travels each succeeding second would be

A

greater than the second before

49
Q

An object at rest near the surface of a distant planet starts to fall freely. If the acceleration there is twice that of the Earth, its speed one second later would be

A

20 m/s

50
Q

The distance a freely falling object falls from rest in one-half second is

A

none

51
Q

One half second after starting from rest, a freely falling object will have a speed of about

A

5 m/s

52
Q

An object falls freely from rest on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is twice as much as on Earth. In the first 5 seconds it falls a distance of

A

250m

53
Q

A humming bird flying at 4 km/h that gets caught in a 3-km/h crosswind has a resultant speed of about

A

5 km/h

54
Q

A ball freely falling at 20 m/s will in the next second have a speed of ______.

A

30 m/s

55
Q

When an object is thrown upward, how much speed does it lose each second (ignoring air resistance)?

A

It loses 10 m/s of speed each second until it reaches the high point, then it gains 10 m/s each second.

56
Q

What is the distance fallen for a freely falling object 1 s after being dropped from a rest position? What is the distance for a 4-s drop?

A

It falls 5 m in 1 s and 80 m in 4 s.

physics 1310 (17 decks)

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