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chapter14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing _________.

A

altitude

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2
Q

What is the mass of a cubic meter of air at room temperature (20°C)?

A

1.21 kg

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3
Q

How does the pressure at the bottom of a 76-cm column of mercury in a barometer compare with the air pressure at the bottom of the atmosphere?

A

the pressures are equal

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4
Q

How does the weight of mercury in a barometer compare with the weight of an equal cross-section of air from sea level to the top of the atmosphere?

A

they are equal

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5
Q

Why would a water barometer have to be 13.6 times taller than a mercury barometer?

A

Mercury is 13.6 times denser than water

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6
Q

When you drink liquid through a straw, is it more accurate to say the liquid is pushed up the straw rather than sucked up the straw? What exactly does the pushing?

A

The atmospheric pressure outside the straw pushes the liquid toward the lower pressure in your mouth

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7
Q

Why won’t a vacuum pump operate for a well that is deeper than 10.3 m?

A

Atmospheric pressure equals the pressure under 10.3 m of water and so can push water no higher

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8
Q

By how much does the density of air increase when it is compressed to half its volume?

A

It doubles.

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9
Q

What happens to the air pressure inside a balloon when it is squeezed to half its volume at constant temperature?

A

doubles

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10
Q

Does the air exert a buoyant force on all objects in air or only on objects such as balloons that are very light for their size?

A

Air exerts a buoyant force on all objects.

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11
Q

Why are high-altitude research balloons only partially inflated when launched?

A

The atmospheric pressure decreases as they rise, so they expand. If they were fully inflated at launch, they would burst at high altitudes

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12
Q

A helium-filled balloon will reach its maximum altitude when __________.

A

its weight equals the weight of displaced air

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13
Q

What happens to the internal pressure in a fluid flowing in a horizontal pipe when its speed increases?

A

The pressure decreases when the speed increases.

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14
Q

What happens to the internal pressure in a fluid flowing in a horizontal pipe when its speed decreases?

A

The pressure increases when the speed decreases

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15
Q

Is the fluid that goes up the inside tube in a hand sprayer pushed up the tube or sucked up the tube? Explain.

A

It is pushed up the tube by atmospheric pressure into the low-pressure, fast air stream.

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16
Q

The air in your classroom has

A
  • mass
  • weight
  • energy
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17
Q

In drinking soda or water through a straw, we make use of

A

atmospheric pressure

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18
Q

At normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, 1 cubic meter of air has a mass of about

A

1.25 kg

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19
Q

When a suction cup sticks to a wall it is

A

pushed to the wall by the atmosphere

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20
Q

The weight of air in a column 1-m2 in cross section that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere is

A

101,000 N

21
Q

A column that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere contains a certain mass of air. If the column instead contained the same mass of mercury, its height would be about

A

3/4 meter

22
Q

Consider two mercury barometers, one with twice the cross-sectional area of the other. Neglecting capillarity, compared with the wider tube, mercury in the smaller tube will rise

A

to the same height

23
Q

It would be easier to pull the evacuated Magdeburg hemispheres apart if they were

A

20 km above the ocean surface.

24
Q

The weight of air in a bathtub (about 1/3 cubic meter) is about the same as the weight of

A

pound of butter

25
Q

When a gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume with no change in temperature, the gas pressure

A

doubles

26
Q

When boarding an airplane you bring a bag of chips. While in flight the bag puffs up, because

A

air pressure in the air-tight bag is greater than cabin air pressure

27
Q

A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake

A

becomes larger as it rises

28
Q

The buoyant force of the atmosphere on a body is equal to the

A

weight of air displaced

29
Q

Archimedes’ principle applies to

A
  • fluid
  • gas
  • liquid
30
Q

The buoyant force on a one-ton blimp hovering in air is

A

one ton

31
Q

As a high-altitude balloon sinks lower into the atmosphere, it undergoes a decrease in

A

volume

32
Q

A helium-filled balloon released in the atmosphere will rise until

A

the balloon and surrounding air have equal densities.

33
Q

Compared with the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a 1-liter helium-filled balloon, the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a nearby 1-liter solid iron block is

A

same

34
Q

Compared to the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a 1-kilogram iron block, the buoyant force on a nearby 1-kilogram helium-filled balloon is

A

considerably more

35
Q

If you stand on a weighing scale and suddenly the atmosphere vanishes, taking buoyancy into account, the scale reading

A

increases

36
Q

Airplane flight best illustrates

A

Bernoulli’s principle.

37
Q

An umbrella tends to move upwards on a windy day principally because

A

air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface

38
Q

When a gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume, its density

A

doubles

39
Q

As a balloon rises higher and higher into the atmosphere its

A

none

40
Q

As a high-altitude balloon rises higher into the atmosphere, it undergoes a decrease in

A

density

41
Q

An object in a vacuum has no

A

buoyant force

42
Q

A common 5-liter metal can will float in air if it is

A

no way, unless the displaced air weighs more than the can and its contents

43
Q

An empty jar is pushed open-side downward into water so that trapped air cannot escape. As it is pushed deeper, the buoyant force on the jar

A

decreases

44
Q

A spinning tossed baseball veers off course in the direction of

A

reduced air pressure on the ball.

45
Q

When you blow air between a pair of closely-spaced Ping-Pong balls suspended by strings, the balls will swing

A

toward each other

46
Q

As a balloon high in the atmosphere descends, it undergoes a decrease in

A

volume

47
Q

A large block of wood and a smaller block of iron on weighing scales both register 1 ton. Taking buoyancy of air into account, which has the greater mass?

A

wood

48
Q

How does the mass of the air in your bedroom compare to your mass?

A

they are approximately equal

physics 1310 (17 decks)

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