CHAPTER TEN Flashcards
who is Sigmund Freud
Medical doctor , researcher, psychiatrsut, Jewish, pressmisitic mind
4 Key Ideas of Psychoanalysis
- Psychic Determinism (things happen for a reason, accidents do not exist)
- Internal Structure (our mind is made up of separate parts)
- Psychic conflict
- Mental energy
PSYCHIC DETERMINISM
Idea that everything that happens has a cause that maybe can be identified
Everything happening in a person’s mind, everything they think and do, has a cause
Causes lie hidden deep in the mind, many mental processes are unconscious
INTERNAL STRUCTURE
Mind has a struct of parts that function independently and sometimes conflict with each other
Brain to mind difference – The brain is a physical organ; the mind is a psychological result of what the brain and body do
Mind is divided into 3 parts:
- Id – instinctual desires (hunger, pleasure, gratification)
- Ego – Balances desires of id with constraints of reality (considers consequences and societal norms)
- Superego – moral compass or internal parent (right and wrong)
Compromise formation (PSYCHIC CONFLICT)
Because the mind is divided into independent parts, it can conflict with itself
Compromise formation – The result is what the person unconsciously thinks and does Competing desires (having a big paper due or going out to the bar with your friends)
libido
psychic energy
PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
Like money, psychic energy is necessary and limited
Psychosexual development, is how life energy, libido becomes invested and redirected over an individual’s early years
Psychosexual development stages
- Physical focus (energy is concentrated and gratification is obtained)
- Psychological theme (physical focus and demands of child from outside word during development)
- Adult character type (being fixated and to some degree stalled in that stage rather than fully developing)
During the psychosexual stages the mind goes through 2 kinds of thinking
- Primary process thinking (the way the unconscious mind operates, does not contain the idea of “no”, immediate
gratification, displacement thinking without negatives, qualifications, sense of time, dangerous of life, see in very young
children during delirium and dreams and sometimes in psychotics, condensation, symbolization) - Secondary process thinking (think, the ego thinks; it is rational, practical, prudent and can delay or redirect gratification,
develops a second; less important role)
CONDENSATION
Can compress several ideas into one
SYMBOLIZATION
One thing might stand for another
ANXIETY
Anxiety is unpleasant, can be generated by stress and conflicts
Humour
Expressing “forbidden” ideas and desires
what are the defence mechanisms of Ego
Denial (prevent perception) - refusing to believe or acknowledge
Repression (prevent recall) - failing to acknowledge anything that might remind unwanted thoughts
Reaction formation (banish dark desires) - defends peace of mind by creating opposite idea
Projection (hypocrisy) - developing idea that something feared is true about oneself instead true about other people
Rationalization (logic) - come up with rational explanation for doing what you want without acknowledging real motivation
Intellectualization (extreme objectivity) translates anxiety-producing thoughts into concepts or jargon that put emotions at a distance
Displacement (cascade of kicks) - moving object of one’s emotions from a dangerous target to a safe one
Sublimination (noble cause) - provides a safe outlet for otherwise problematical desires
PSYCHOANALYSIS AS A THERAPY AND A ROUTE TOWARD UNDERSTANDING
Freud believed to resolve problems making people anxious and unhappy is to bring them to the open through dream analysis, analysis of slips and lapses, and free association
PSYCHOANALTIC THEORY: A CRITIQUE
EXCESSIVE COMPLEXITY – Freud’s theory is highly complex
CASE STUDY METHOD – data must be public, Freud complained proof of his theory was in details of case studies he couldn’t reveal because of patient privacy
VAGUE DEFINITIONS – operational definition, a scientific concept should be defined in terms of operations or procedures by which it can be identified and measured, psychoanalytic theory rarely does this
UNDERSTANDABILITY – Freud’s theory is untestable, and a theory should be disconfirmable (should imply set of results that if found, should it to be false, like religion and science)
SEXISM – Psychoanalytic theory is sexist; Freud considers men the norm and bases his theories on their psychology and considers women as a deviation from the male model. According to Freud, much of a women’s life is based on the struggle coming to terms with the tragedy that she is not a man
If psychic determinism is true, then a possible explanation for forgetting a person’s name could be that you
have a bad memory.
do not like the person.
are in love with the person but don’t want to admit it to yourself.
both b and c
both b and c
During which stage of psychological development do people learn how to appropriately control their urges and what decisions are up to them or to an authority figure?
oral
anal
latency
phallic
anal
Which of the following about Freud’s theory is true?
It is no longer an important part of psychological thought.
It has been proven false.
It was too simplistic to explain all of personality.
Many of the issues that Freud thought to be important are topics of current research.
Many of the issues that Freud thought to be important are topics of current research.
Secondary process of thinking
develops as teh child moves towards adulthood, is ordinary, rationalconscious thought
primary process of thinking
present in babies and in the unconscious part of the adult mind, is unconscious thought chacterized by displacement, symbslism, irrational drive
Thanatos
a drive towrads death and destruction
Psychoanalytic theory
based in a small number of key ideas including psychic determinism, the mins three part, mental engery and psychic conflict
parapraxes
unconscious and Forbiddne impluses can be revelaed. These include memory lapses and unintentional actions
