Chapter Review 2

Question 1

The tendency of an organism to maintain internal conditions as constant as possible is called

Answer 1

homeostasis

Question 2

when the atria contract blood flows to the

Answer 2

ventricles

Question 3

label the following parts of the heart

Answer 3

picture

Question 4

the innermost layer of an artery is known as the

Answer 4

endothelium

Question 5

why are the arteries thicker and more elastic than the veins

Answer 5

veins have thinner walls and expand more

Question 6

the ____ serve as the main reservoir for blood

Answer 6

veins

Question 7

what is the function of the valves in the veins

Answer 7

prevent back flow

Question 8

____ pressure occurs when the ventricles relax and ____ occurs when the heart ejects blood

Answer 8

blood pressure; pulse

Question 9

what happens in capillary exchange

Answer 9

exchange of blood within tissues

Question 10

the heart muscle is known as the

Answer 10

myocardium

Question 11

which heart structure initiates the normal contraction impulse in the heart and is known as the pacemaker

Answer 11

SA Node

Question 12

when the electrical activity of the heart becomes uncoordinated it is called

Answer 12

fibrillation

Question 13

the build up of fatty plaque deposits in the arteries is called

Answer 13

atherosclerosis

Question 14

the major functions of the blood include

Answer 14

transport, protect, regulate

Question 15

RBC’s are better known as

Answer 15

erythrocytes

Question 16

WBC’s are better known as

Answer 16

leukocytes

Question 17

hemoglobin is..

Answer 17

iron containing pigment in red blood cells, combines with and transports oxygen

Question 18

in the heredity disorder ____ red blood cells are misshapen and have difficulty negotiating capillaries

Answer 18

sickle cell

Question 19

leukocytes responsible for releasing histamine

Answer 19

basophil

Question 20

monocytes are large lymphocytes that differentiate into

Answer 20

microphages

Question 21

the most abundant type of white blood cells that are also the first to respond to an infection

Answer 21

neutrophil

Question 22

Helper t cells have the ability to

Answer 22

stimulate all parts of the immune system

Question 23

B lymphocytes are associated with

Answer 23

bone marrow

Question 24

the final reaction in blood clotting is

Answer 24

fibrin traps red blood cells

Question 25

agglutination refers to the process of

Answer 25

clumping of red blood cells

Question 26

a person with type AB blood should be able to recieve

Answer 26

all types of blood

Question 27

type b positive blood will possess __ antigens and antibody __

Answer 27

B;A

Question 28

organisms such as viruses and bacteria that are capable of causing disease

Answer 28

pathogens

Question 29

list the lymphatic organs

Answer 29

ducts, nodes, spleen, bone marrow

Question 30

the lymphatic system functions to

Answer 30

defend against disease

Question 31

barrier-to-entry defenses

Answer 31

skin, mucous membrane, chemicals

Question 32

immunity is based on the recognition of antibody stimulating entities known as

Answer 32

antigens

Question 33

what is most directly responsible for the increase in capillary permeability during the inflammatory reaction

Answer 33

histamine