Cardiovascular System

Question 1

arteries

Answer 1

carry blood away from the heart

Question 2

3 layers of the arteries

Answer 2

endothelium lining, (thicker) smooth muscle with elastic tissue, connective tissue

Question 3

arterioles

Answer 3

smaller arteries with less elastic tissue, control blood pressure

Question 4

veins

Answer 4

carry blood back to the heart

Question 5

veinuiles

Answer 5

smaller veins

Question 6

3 layers of veins

Answer 6

endothelium lining, smooth muscle, connective tissue

Question 7

veins have less…. than arteries

Answer 7

muscle and connective tissue

Question 8

valves in veins

Answer 8

prevent backflow

Question 9

main reservoir for blood

Answer 9

veins, contain about 70% of blood

Question 10

capillaries

Answer 10

site of exchange within tissues

Question 11

capillaries only have ____ layer

Answer 11

endothelium

Question 12

pericardium

Answer 12

thick, membranous sac that supports and protects the heart

Question 13

myocardium

Answer 13

cardiac muscle, major part of the heart

Question 14

endocardium

Answer 14

smooth lining layer to reduce friction

Question 15

the heart has what type of pump…

Answer 15

double pump

Question 16

atrium

Answer 16

inflow. left:from lungs right:from body

Question 17

ventricle

Answer 17

outflow left:to body right:to lungs

Question 18

septum

Answer 18

keeps sides seperate

Question 19

atrioventricular valve

Answer 19

between atria and ventricles

Question 20

semilunar valve

Answer 20

between ventricles and aorta and pulmonary arteries

Question 21

atrial systole

Answer 21

atria contract, ventricles relax, AV valves open

Question 22

ventricular systole

Answer 22

ventricles contract, AV valves closed, SL valves open

Question 23

diastole

Answer 23

passive filling of the heart, SL valves close

Question 24

the tempo is set by the

Answer 24

sinoatrial node which starts the atrial contraction

Question 25

atrioventricular node and heart contractions

Answer 25

pause, then start ventricular contractions

Question 26

what spreads signals in the heart

Answer 26

purkinje fibers

Question 27

electrocardiograms record

Answer 27

electrical changes during heart beats

Question 28

Atrial Contraction

Answer 28

P

Question 29

Ventricular Contrations

Answer 29

QRS

Question 30

Recovery

Answer 30

T

Question 31

fibrillation

Answer 31

when electrical activity and thus contraction becomes uncoordinated

Question 32

defibrillators

Answer 32

jump start or reset electrical pulses

Question 33

pulse rate=

Answer 33

heart rate

Question 34

pulse

Answer 34

a surge of blood in arteries that results from heart contraction

Question 35

healthy pulse rates

Answer 35

60-80 bpm

Question 36

blood pressure

Answer 36

force of blood pushing against walls of arteries

Question 37

systolic blood pressure

Answer 37

highest pressure as blood is ejected from heart

Question 38

diastolic blood pressure

Answer 38

lowest pressure as ventricles relax

Question 39

healthy blood pressure

Answer 39

at or just below 120/8p sys/dys

Question 40

in capillaries blood flow is… because…

Answer 40

slow, it spreads through a much larger area

Question 41

pulmonary circuit

Answer 41

o2 poor blood send to lungs and returns enriched, right side

Question 42

systemic circut

Answer 42

o2 rich blood sent to body and returns depleted, left side, aorta, superior & inferior vena cava

Question 43

atherosclerosis

Answer 43

the build up of plaque, increases blood pressure

Question 44

heart attack

Answer 44

when the blood flow to the heart is blocked and part of the muscle dies from lack of 02

Question 45

stroke

Answer 45

when blood flow to brain is blocked and part of the brain dies from lack of 02

Question 46

aneurysm

Answer 46

ballooning of blood vessel, harm when bursts

Question 47

treatment for blocked arteries

Answer 47

bypass surgery, genes to promote new vessel growth, angioplasty, stent, lower dose aspirin