chapter: human resources motivation

Question 1

define motivation

Answer 1

• combination of forces that move individuals in taking action

Question 2

define enganeemnt

Answer 2

• employees rational/emotional commitment to work

Question 3

The four indicators of motivation

Answer 3

1. engaged
2. satisfied
3. committed
4. engaged
5. rooted: want to stay

Question 4

describe maslows hierarchy of needs

Answer 4

• human needs are arraegned in order of priority: baic needs are at the bottom and more advanaced are toward the top

Question 5

explain the expectancy theory

Answer 5

• quality of effort an employee puts depends on the expectations about their ability to work, expectations about likely reqards, atractivness of rewards.

Question 6

define the equity theory

Answer 6

• employees basing their level of satisfaction on the ratio of inputs on job vs the outputs thye receive from it.

Question 7

What is the four drive theory

Answer 7

1. to acquire–> also ´´physycollogical´´
2. to bond–> feeling part of soemthing bigger
3. comrpehend–> understanding the worldf aroudn us
4. defend

Question 8

define the goal setting theory

Answer 8

• type of motivational theory that says that goals are a way to motivate employees.

Question 9

define management by objectives (MBO)

Answer 9

• empowering employees and onvolving them in goal setting and decision making
• STEPS: setting goals, planning action, implementing plans, reviewing performance

Question 10

describe taylors scientific management

Answer 10

• suggests The Principles of Scientific Management. In this book, he suggested that productivity would increase if jobs were optimized and simplified
• boosting productivity by using scientific methods

Question 11

explain the hawthorne effect

Answer 11

• see the effect of work conditions on productivity
• tested different in lighting levels on prpductivity–> observed no change
• other factors affect prpductivity: physcological and social infuelnces.

Question 12

Explain Hezbergs two-factor theory

Answer 12

• what makes employees feel unhappy or unhappy in their work:

TWO FACTORS THAT AFFECT JOB SATISFACTION
1. HYGIENE FACTORS (infuelnce dissatisfaction level)
- working conditions
- company policies
2. MOTIVATORS (motivators infuence level of satisfaction)
- achievement
- recognition
- responsability
- personal groweth

Question 13

describe theory X and theory Y

Answer 13

• X: employees are irresponsible, are unambitious, and dislike work and that managers must use force, control, or threats to motivate them.
• Y: employees enjoy meanini¿gul work,, have goals, seet out responsibility.

Question 14

Describe McClleland three needs theory

Answer 14

Needs for: power, affioliation and achievement

Question 15

define job enrichment

Answer 15

• makign jobs more challenging and interesting–> expand skills required

Question 16

define job enlargemnt

Answer 16

• adding tasks to increase workers knowledge

Question 17

define cross-traning

Answer 17

• train workers to performs different jobs and rototate between the jobs to avoid boredome.

Question 18

Describe the reinforcement theory

Answer 18

1. managers motivate employees by influencing their behaviors with positive +negative reinforcement.

POSITIVE: encoraging desired behaviors by offering pleasent consequences for completing those/repeating them.
NEGATIVE: encorage repetition of a behavior by removing unpleasent consequences of behavior.

Question 19

List six managerial strategies that are vital to maintaining a motivated workforce

Answer 19

• provide timely +frequency feedback
• make it personal
• healthy competition
• adress workplace negativity
• being an inspired leader
• motivate yourself +avoid burnout.

Question 20

define performance management systems

Answer 20

ssytems helping managers establish goals +track performance.