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Medical Terminology > Chapter 9 Urinary System > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Urinary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Corp/u

Corpor/o

A

Body

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1
Q

-cele

A

Hernia tumor swelling

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2
Q

Cyst/o

A

Urinary bladder
Cyst
Sac of fluid

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3
Q

Dia-

A

Through, between, apart, complete

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4
Q

-ectasis

A

Stretching
Dilation
Enlargement

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5
Q

-emia

A

Blood

Blood condition

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6
Q

Extra-

A

On the outside

Beyond

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7
Q

Glomerul/o

A

Glomerulus

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8
Q

Lith/o

A

Stone

Calculus

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9
Q

Nephr/o

Ren/o

A

Kidney

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10
Q

Prostrat/o

A

Prostate gland

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11
Q

-ptosis

A

Droop
Sag
Prolapse
Fall

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12
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis

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13
Q

Spad/o

A

Draw off

Draw

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14
Q

-tripsy

A

To crush

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15
Q

Ur/o

A

Urine

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16
Q

Ureter/o

A

Ureter

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17
Q

Urethr/o

A

Urethra

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18
Q

-uria

A

Urine

Urination

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19
Q

Nephropathy

A

Any disease of the kidney

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20
Q

Uremia

A

Toxic condition resulting from renal failure

Waste products retained in the blood

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21
Q

Acute renal failure

A

Sudden onset characterized by uremia

Kidneys do not receive enough blood due to dehydration/blood loss

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22
Q

Chronic kidney disease

A

Progressive loss of kidney function over time

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23
Q

End stage renal disease

ESRD

A

Final stage of chronic kidney disease

Fatal without transplant or constant dialysis

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24
Q

Hyperproteinuria

A

Abnormally high concentration of protein in the urine

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25
Q

Hypoproteinemia

A

Abnormally low concentrations of protein in the blood

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26
Q

Hydronephrosis

A

Dilation of one or both kidneys

Caused by backup of urine

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27
Q

Glomerulonephritis

A

Nephritis caused by inflammation of glomeruli that causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into the urine

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28
Q

Nephroptosis

A

Prolapse of a kidney into the pelvic area when the patient stands

29
Q

Nephropyosis

A

Suppuration of the kidney

30
Q

Polycystic kidney disease

A

Genetic disorder
Growth of fluid filled cysts in the kidneys
Replaces mass of kidney and leads to kidney failure

31
Q

Wilms tumor

A

Malignant tumor in the kidneys that occurs in children

High cure rate if caught early

32
Q

Nephrolithiasis

A

Presence of stones in the kidney

33
Q

Nephrolith

A

Kidney stone

34
Q

Ureterolith

A

Stone located within urinary bladder

35
Q

Hydroureter

A

Distention (swelling) of ureter with urine that cannot flow because ureter is blocked

36
Q

Ureterectasis

A

Distention of a ureter

37
Q

Ureterorrhagia

A

Discharge of blood from ureter

38
Q

Cystocele

A

Hernia of bladder through vaginal wall

39
Q

Interstitial cystitis

A

Chronic inflammation of within the walls of the bladder

40
Q

Vesicovaginal fistula

A

Abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that allows constant involuntary flow of urine from the bladder into the vagina

41
Q

Neurogenic bladder

A

Caused by interference with the normal nerve pathway associated with urination

42
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Enlargement of prostate gland that most often occurs in men older than age 50
Difficult urination

43
Q

Prostatism

A

Disorder results from compression or obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatic hyperplasia

44
Q

Urethrorrhagia

A

Bleeding from the urethra

45
Q

Urethrostenosis

A

Narrowing of urethra

Almost always men due to injury

46
Q

Urethritis

A

Inflammation of the urethra

47
Q

Anuria

A

Absence of urine formation by the kidneys

48
Q

Diuresis

A

Increased output of urine

49
Q

Enuresis

A

Involuntary discharge of urine

50
Q

Nocturnal enuresis

A

Urinary incontinence during sleep

51
Q

Oliguria

A

Scanty urination

52
Q

Polyuria

A

Excessive urination due to diabetes

53
Q

Incontinence

A

Inability to control excretion of urine and feces

54
Q

Urinary catheterization

A

Insertion of tube into bladder to retrieve a sample, drain urine, or administer medicine

55
Q

Cystoscopy

A

Visual examination of bladder with specialized endoscope called cystoscope

56
Q

Voiding cystourethrography

A

Diagnostic procedure in which a fluoroscope is used to examine flow of urine from bladder through urethra

57
Q

Intravenous pyelogram

A

Radiographic study of kidneys and ureters

Contrast medium introduced intravenously

58
Q

Urethropexy

A

Surgical fixation of urethra to nearby tissue to relieve stress incontinence

59
Q

Diuretics

A

Increase urine secretion

60
Q

Antispasmodics

A

Block signals that cause urinary incontinence

61
Q

Dialysis

A

Procedure to remove waste products from blood of person whose kidneys no longer function

62
Q

Ablation

A

Removing body part or destroying its function

63
Q

Cystitis

A

UTI

Inflammation of bladder by bacterial infection

64
Q

Transurethral prostatectomy

A

Removal of excess tissue from enlarged prostrate gland

65
Q

Pyeloplasty

A

Surgical repair of ureter and renal pelvis

66
Q

Pyelotomy

A

Surgical incision into renal pelvis to correct obstructions

67
Q

Nephrolysis

A

Freeing kidney from adhesions

68
Q

Epispadias

A

Urethra does not develop into a full tube

69
Q

Hypospadias

A

Urethra is on underside of the penis

Medical Terminology (12 decks)

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