Chapter 10 Nervous System Flashcards
Agor/a
Marketplace
Acr/o
Extremities or top
Caus/o
Burning
Cerebell/o
Cerebellum
Claustr/o
Barrier
Concuss/o
Shaken together, violently agitated
Contus/o
Bruise
Deliri/o
Hallucin/o
Wandering in the mind
Delus/o
Delude, mock, cheat
Ech/o
Son/o
Sound
Encephal/o
Brain
Esthet/o
-esthesia
Feeling, sense of perception
Isch/o
To hold back
-mania
Obsessive preoccupation
Myel/o
Spinal cord
Narc/o
Numbness
Stupor
Psych/o
Mind
Radicul/o
Nerve root
Schiz/o
Division, split
Syncop/o
To cut short
-tropic
Having an affinity for
Alzheimer’s disease
Involves parts of brain that control thought, memory, language
Deterioration of memory and reasoning capabilities
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles
Anxiety disorders
Mental conditions characterized by excessive irrational dread of everyday situations or out of proportion fear
Antidepressant
Treats depression
Treats OCD
Treats GAD
Antipsychotics
Treat symptoms of severe disorders of thinking and mood such as schizophrenia, mania, and delusion disorders
Anxiolytics
Temporarily relieves anxiety and tension
Tranquilizer
Cephalgia
Headache
Migraine headache
Throbbing pain
Nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light and sound
Common for women
Cluster headache
Intensely painful
Repeated occurrence in groups
Common for men
Encephalocele
Congenital herniation of brain tissue through gap in the skull
Meningocele
Congenital herniation of meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column
Hydrocephalus
Excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the head
Meningioma
Common slow growing usually benign tumor of the meninges
Meningitis
Inflammation of meninges and spinal cord
Caused by bacterial or viral infections
Intense headache and flu like symptoms
Sometimes fatal
Cognition
Describes mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory
Dementia
Slowly progressive decline in mental abilities
Associated with personality changes
Encephalitis
Inflammation of brain
Can be caused by viral infection
Reye’s syndrome
Disorder in children characterized by vomiting and confusion
Caused when given aspirin to treat viral illness
Tetanus
Potentially fatal infection of nervous system caused by toxin produced by tetanus bacteria
Parkinson’s disease
Chronic degenerative central nervous disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait
Cerebral contusions
Bruising of brain tissue as the result of a head injury that caused brain to bounce against skull
Cranial hematoma
Collection of blood trapped in tissues of the brain
Traumatic brain injury
Blow to the head or penetrating head injury that damages the brain
Lethargy
Lowered level of consciousness
Listlessness drowsiness and apathy
Syncope
Fainting
Brief loss of consciousness caused by decreased of blood flow to brain
Coma
Profound state of unconsciousness marked by absence of response to stimuli
Delirium
Acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking, agitation, and hallucinations
Intracranial pressure
Amount of pressure inside the skull
Cerebrovascular accident
Stroke
Damage to brain when blood flow is disrupted
Usually fatal
Ischemic stroke
Most common in old people
Caused by narrowing of carotid artery
Transient ischemic attack
Mini stroke
Temporary interruption in blood supply to brain
Passes in less than an hour
Hemorrhagic stroke
Occurs when blood vessel in the brain leaks or aneurysm ruptures
Myelitis
Inflammation of spinal cord
Radiculitis
Pinched nerve
Inflammation of root of a spinal nerve that causes pain and numbness of affected limb
Cervical radiculopathy
Nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region
Multiple sclerosis
Caused demyelination of myelin sheathes
Damage caused scarring and physical pain
Bell’s palsy
temporary paralysis of cranial nerve that causes paralysis of one side of the face
Guillain-Barré syndrome
Inflammation of myelin sheath of peripheral nerves
Rapidly weakening muscles
Temporary paralysis
Sciatica
Inflammation of sciatic nerve that results in pain, burning, and tingling along the nerve
Trigeminal neuralgia
Severe lightning pain due to inflammation of cranial nerve
Affect one side of the face
Cerebral palsy
Poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects due to damage that affects the cerebrum
Causalgia
Persistent severe burning pain
Hyperthesia
Abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, and other stimuli
Paraesthesia
Burning or prickling sensation in hands or feet
Peripheral neuropathy
Disorder of peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain
Echoencephalography
Ultrasound to create image of brain
Electroencephalograph
Recording electrical activity of the brain through use of electrodes
Functional MRI
Detects change in blood flow when patient performs a task
Myelography
Radiographic study of spinal cord after injection of contrast medium
Lumbar puncture
Spinal tap
Collecting fluid for analysis
Hypnotic
Depresses central nervous system and produces sleep
Sedative
Depresses central nervous system to produce calmness without sleep
Deep brain stimulation
Treats dystonia, tremors, and Parkinson’s
Device stimulates brain with electrical signals
Gamma knife surgery
Gamma radiation treats brain tumors
Factitious disorder
Individuals acts as if they have physical or mental illness but isn’t actually sick
