Chapter 7 Respiratory System Flashcards
(105 cards)
0
Q
Atel/o
A
Incomplete, imperfect
1
Q
Anthrac/o
A
Coal, coal dust
2
Q
Bronch/o
Bronchi/o
A
Bronchus, bronchial tube
3
Q
Capn/o
A
Carbon dioxide, sooty or smoky appearance
4
Q
Coni/o
A
Dust
5
Q
-dynia
A
Pain
6
Q
Endo-
A
In, within, inside
7
Q
-isy
A
Noun ending
8
Q
Laryng/o
A
Larynx, throat
9
Q
Nas/o
Rhino
A
Nose
10
Q
Pertuss/I
A
Intensive cough
11
Q
Pharyng/o
A
Throat, pharynx
12
Q
Phon/o
A
Sound, voice
13
Q
Pleur/o
A
Pleura, side of the body
14
Q
-pnea
A
Breathing
15
Q
Pne/o
A
Breath, breathing
16
Q
Pneum/o Pneumon/o Pneu- Pulm/o Pulmon/o
A
Lung, air
17
Q
-ptysis
A
Spitting
18
Q
Sin/o
Sin/u
Sinus/o
A
Sinus
19
Q
Somn/i
Somn/o
A
Sleep
20
Q
-spasm
A
Sudden involuntary contraction, tightening, cramping
21
Q
Spir/o
A
To breathe
22
Q
Thorac/o
-thorax
A
Chest, pleural cavity
23
Q
Trache/o
A
Trachea, windpipe
24
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Bronchial airflow is obstructed
Usually caused by smoking
Generally permanent and progressive
25
Chronic bronchitis
Airways inflamed due to recurrent exposure to irritants like cigarette smoke
Increase in number and size of mucus producing cells
26
Otolaryngologist
Physician who diagnoses and treats disorders of the head and neck
27
Pulmonologist
Physician who diagnoses and treats disorders of the respiratory system
28
Thoracic surgeon
Performs operations inside the chest
29
Emphysema
Progressive long term loss of lung function
| Decrease in number of alveoli, enlargement of alveoli, progressive destruction of walls of alveoli
30
Asthma
Chronic inflammatory disease of bronchial tubes
31
Bronchospasm
Contraction of smooth muscle in the walls of bronchi and bronchioles, tightening and squeezing the airways shut
32
Upper respiratory infection
Aka common cold
| Can be caused by any one of 200 viruses
33
Croup
Acute respiratory infection in children characterized by obstruction of larynx, hoarseness, swelling around vocal cord resulting in barking cough
34
Diphtheria
Bacterial infection of throat and upper respiratory tract
| Produces toxins that can damage heart muscle and peripheral nerves
35
Epistaxis
Nose bleed
36
Pertussis
Whooping cough; contagious bacterial infection
37
Rhinorrhea
Runny nose
38
Sinusitis
Inflammation of sinuses
39
Pharyngitis
Sore throat
| Inflammation of pharynx
40
Laryngospasm
Sudden spasmodic closure of larynx
41
Aphonia
Las of ability of larynx to produce normal speech sounds
42
Dysphonia
difficulty in speaking which may include hoarseness, weakness, or cracking of voice
43
Laryngitis
Inflammation of larynx
| Causes voice loss
44
Bronchorrhea
Excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi
45
Pleurisy
Inflammation of pleura (membrane that covers lungs and pleural cavity)
46
Pleurodynia
Sharp pain that occurs when inflamed membranes rub against each other during inhalation
47
Pyothorax
Presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane
48
Empyema
Collection of pus in a body cavity
49
Hemothorax
Collection of blood in the chest cavity
50
Pneumothorax
Accumulation of air on the pleural space resulting in pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse
51
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Life threatening condition in which inflammation in the lungs and fluid in the alveoli lead to low levels of oxygen in the blood
52
Tuberculosis
Infectious disease that attacks the lungs
| Coughing up blood
53
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs in which alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other fluids
54
Bronchopneumonia
Localized pneumonia that affects bronchioles and often leads to lobar pneumonia
55
Lobar pneumonia
Affects larger areas of the lungs
56
Aspiration pneumonia
Occurs when a foreign substance is inhaled into the lungs
57
Community acquired pneumonia
Results from contagious infection outside of a hospital or clinic
58
Pneumocystis pneumonia
Opportunistic infection caused by yeast like fungus
59
Pulmonary fibrosis
Progressive formation of scar tissue in the lung resulting in decreased lung capacity and increased difficulty in breathing
60
Pneumoconiosis
Fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs
61
Athracosis
Caused by coal dust in the lungs
| Black lung disease
62
Asbestosis
Caused by asbestos particles in the lungs
63
Silicosis
Caused by inhaling silica dust in the lungs
64
Cystic fibrosis
Genetic disorder
| Lungs and pancreas are logged with large quantities of thick mucus
65
Apnea
Temporary absence of spontaneous respiration
66
Bradypnea
Abnormally slow rate of respiration, less than 10 beats per minute
67
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
Irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration
68
Tachypnea
Abnormally rapid rate of respiration, usually more than 20 breaths per minute
69
Dyspnea
Shortness of breath
| Difficult or labored breathing
70
Hyperpnea
Breathing that is deeper and more rapid at rest
71
Hypopnea
Shallow or slow respiration
72
Sleep apnea
Breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep causing decrease in blood oxygen levels
73
Expectoration
Act of coughing up and spitting out saliva, mucus, or other body fluids
74
Hemoptysis
Expectoration of blood or blood-stained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as the result of pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage
75
Anoxia
Absence of oxygen from body's tissues and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood
76
Hypoxia
Condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body's tissues and organs
77
Asphyxia
Loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function
78
Hypercapnia
Abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood
79
Hypoxemia
Condition of having low oxygen levels in the blood usually due to respiratory disorders or heart conditions
80
Respiratory failure
Condition in which the level of oxygen in the blood becomes dangerously low or carbon dioxide levels become dangerously high
81
Sudden infant death syndrome
Sudden and unexplainable death of sleeping infant suspected to be a heart problem
82
Bronchoscopy
Visual examination of bronchi using a bronchoscope; a flexible device that is passed through nose or mouth and down the airways
83
Laryngoscopy
Visual exam of the larynx and vocal cords using a flexible or rigid laryngoscope inserted through the mouth
84
Peak flow meter
Inexpensive handheld device used to let patients with asthma measure air flowing out of lungs, revealing narrowing of airways
85
Polysomnography
Sleep study
| Measures activity during sleep to detect nocturnal defects in breathing
86
Pulmonary function tests
Group of tests that measure volume and flow of air by using a spirometer; measured against the norm
87
Spirometer
Recording device that measures amount of air inhaled/exhaled and the length of time required for each breath
88
Pulse oximeter
External monitor placed on fingertip to measure oxygen saturation level in the blood
89
Phlegm
Thick mucus secreted by the tissues lining the respiratory passages
90
Sputum
Phlegm ejected through mouth that can be examined for diagnostic purposes
91
Antitussive drug
Administered to prevent or relieve coughing
92
Bronchodilator drug
Medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs
Used by asthma patients
93
Nebulizer
Electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a mist which is inhaled via a face mask or mouth piece
94
Endotracheal intubation
Passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway
95
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Procedure performed using an endoscope in which chronic sinusitis is treated by enlarging the opening between the nose and the sinus
96
Laryngectomy
Surgical removal of the larynx
97
Tracheostomy
Surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea to insert a temporary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing
98
Tracheotomy
Incision made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage
99
Pneumonectomy
Surgical removal of all or part of a lung
100
Thoracentesis
Surgical puncture of chest with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity
Removing liquid or air from the pleural cavity
101
Thoractomy
Surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment
102
BiPAP machine
Used for sleep apnea; high pressure for inhaling and low pressure for exhaling
103
CPAP machine
| Continuous positive airway pressure
Noninvasive ventilation device to treat sleep apnea
| Creates constant air pressure in the nasal passages
104
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Breathing pure oxygen in a special chamber allowing bloodstream and lungs to absorb more oxygen to promote healing