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Medical Terminology > Chapter 3 The Skeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 3 The Skeletal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

-desis

A

To bind, tie together

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1
Q

Ankyl/o

A

Crooked, bent, stiff

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2
Q

Kyph/o

A

Bent, hump

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3
Q

Crani/o

A

Skull

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4
Q

Cost/o

A

Rib

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5
Q

-lysis

A

Loosening or setting free

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6
Q

Scoli/o

A

Curved, bent

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7
Q

Spondyl/o

Vertebr/o

A

Vertebrae, vertebral column, backbone

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8
Q

Synovi/o

Synov/o

A

Synovial membrane

Synovial fluid

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9
Q

Chondr/o

Chondr/I

A

Cartilage

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10
Q

Lord/o

A

Curve, swayback, bent

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11
Q

Hemopoietic

A

Pertaining to the formation of blood cells

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12
Q

Acetabulum

A

Aka hip socket

Large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint

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13
Q

Malleolus

A

Rounded bony projection on the tibia and fibula on the sides of each ankle joint

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14
Q

Hallux Valgus

A

Aka bunion

Abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

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15
Q

Orthopedic surgeon

A

Physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles

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16
Q

Podiatrists

A

Specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot

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17
Q

Spondylosis

A

Aka spinal osteoarthritis

Degenerative disorder can cause loss of normal spinal structure and function

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18
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Wear and tear arthritis
Associated with aging
Degenerative joint disease

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19
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked

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20
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Form of RA causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae

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21
Q

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

A

Autoimmune disorder that affects children ages 16 years or less with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue

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22
Q

-penia

A

Deficiency, lack, too few

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23
Q

Per-

A

Excessive, through

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24
Q

Plas/I plas/o

A

Development, growth, formation

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25
Q

-plasty

A

Surgical repair

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26
Q

Poly-

A

Many

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27
Q

Prosth/o, prosthetic/o

A

Addition, appendage

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28
Q

-rrhaphy

A

Surgical suturing

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29
Q

Spin/o

A

Spine, backbone

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30
Q

-stenosis

A

Abnormal narrowing

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31
Q

Sub-

A

Under, less, below

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32
Q

Ligament/o

A

Ligament

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33
Q

-listhesis

A

Slipping

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34
Q

Lux/o

A

To slide

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35
Q

Lumb/o

A

Lower back, loin

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36
Q

-malacia

A

Abnormal softening

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37
Q

Myel/o

A

Spinal cord, bone marrow

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38
Q

-ago

A

Abnormal condition, disease

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39
Q

-algia

A

Pain, suffering, painful condition

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40
Q

All- all/o

A

Other, different than normal, reversal

41
Q

-ation

A

State or action

42
Q

Aut/o

A

Self

43
Q

Bifid/o

A

Split, divided into two parts

44
Q

Burs/o

A

Bursa, sac of fluid near joint

45
Q
  • clasis

- clast

A

Break down

46
Q

Dys-

A

Bad, difficult, painful

47
Q

-ectomy

A

Surgical removal, cutting out, excision

48
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

49
Q

-oma

A

Tumor

50
Q

-osis

A

Abnormal condition, disease

51
Q

Oss/e
Oss/I
Oste/o
Ost/o

A

Bone

52
Q

Talip/o

A

Foot and ankle deformity

53
Q

-um

A

Singular noun ending

54
Q

Valg/o

A

Bent or twisted outward

55
Q

Arthrodesis

A

Surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint; treats arthritis

56
Q

Arthrolysis

A

Surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint

57
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Visual examination of the internal structure of a joint

58
Q

Bone density testing

A

Used to determine change in bone density to diagnose osteoporosis; ultrasound or X-ray

59
Q

Bone marrow transplant

A

Treats cancers by destroying diseased bone marrow and replacing with healthy donor marrow

60
Q

Crepitation

A

Grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together

61
Q

Percutaneous vertebroplasty

A

Minimally invasive; bone cement is injected to stabilize compression fractures within the spinal column

62
Q

Closed reduction

A

Attempted realignment of bone involved in fracture/dislocation by manually applied force and then immobilization

63
Q

Osteomalacia

A

Aka adult rickets

Abnormal softening of bones usually due to deficiency

64
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Inflammation of bone and bone marrow usually caused by bacterial infection

65
Q

Spina bifida

A

Congenital; spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it

66
Q

Lumbago

A

Low back pain

Pain of lumbar region of the spine

67
Q

Kyphosis

A

Humpback

Abnormal increase in outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side

68
Q

Lordosis

A

Swayback

Abnormal increase in forward curvature of spine

69
Q

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

70
Q

Osteitis

A

Inflammation of a bone

71
Q

Osteonecrosis

A

Death of blood tissue due to inefficient blood supply

72
Q

Rickets

A

Defective bone growth due to deficiency

73
Q

Periostitis

A

Inflammation of periosteum

74
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Loss of bone density and increase in bone porosity due to aging

75
Q

Osteopenia

A

Thinner than average bone density

At risk for osteoporosis

76
Q

Compression fracture

A

Occurs when bone is pressed together on itself; caused by spontaneous collapse of weakened vertebrae or can be due to injury

77
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

Bone is splintered or crushed

78
Q

Fracture

A

Broken bone

79
Q

Open fracture

A

Aka compound fracture

Bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin

80
Q

Spiral fracture

A

Bone has twisted apart

81
Q

Paget’s disease

A

Unknown cause; excessive breakdown of bone tissue followed by abnormal bone formation

82
Q

Synovectomy

A

Surgical removal of synovial membrane of a joint; treats rheumatoid arthritis

83
Q

Laminectomy

A

Surgical removal of a lamina (posterior portion of vertebrae)

84
Q

Osteorrhaphy

A

Surgical suturing of bones

85
Q

Chondromalacia

A

Abnormal softening of cartilage

86
Q

Chondroma

A

Slow growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells

87
Q

Hemarthrosis

A

Blood within a joint

88
Q

Polymyalgia rheumatica

A

Geriatric inflammatory disorder of muscles/joints characterized by pain and stiffness

89
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial displacement of a bone from its joint

90
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

Forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae

91
Q

Craniostenosis

A

Malformation of skull due to premature closure of cranial sutures

92
Q

Fibrous dysplasia

A

Unknown cause; destroys normal bone tissue and replaces it with fibrous (scar like) tissue

93
Q

Talipes

A

Club foot

Congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus

94
Q

Myeloma

A

Type of cancer occurs in blood making cells

95
Q

Osteochondroma

A

Benign bony projection covered with cartilage

96
Q

Osteoporotic hip fracture

A

Broken hip

Caused by weakness of bones due to osteoporosis

97
Q

Orthotic

A

Mechanical appliance designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function

98
Q

Prosthesis

A

Substitute for diseased or missing body part

99
Q

Allogenic

A

Originating within another

100
Q

Autologous

A

Originating within an individual

Medical Terminology (12 decks)

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