Chapter 3 Diagnostic Medicine And Pharmacology Flashcards
0
Q
Albumin/o
A
Albumin
Protein
1
Q
Glycos/o
A
Glucose
Sugar
2
Q
Calc/I
A
Calcium
Lime
The heel
3
Q
Creatin/o
A
Creatinine
4
Q
Hemat/o
A
Blood
Relating to blood
5
Q
Lapar/o
A
Abdomen
Abdominal wall
6
Q
Phleb/o
Ven/o
A
Vein
7
Q
Radi/o
A
Radiation
X-rays
8
Q
Son/o
Ech/o
A
Sound
9
Q
-uria
A
Urination
Urine
10
Q
Hyperthermia
A
Extremely high temperature
11
Q
Hypothermia
A
Abnormally low temperature
12
Q
Vital signs
A
Temperature
Pulse
Respiration
Blood pressure
13
Q
Pulse (P)
A
Rhythmic pressure against walls of an artery caused by beating of heart
14
Q
Respiration (R) Respiratory rate (RR)
A
Number of complete breaths per minute
12-20 per minute is normal
15
Q
Blood pressure (BP)
A
Force of blood against walls of artery
Systolic over diastolic reading
16
Q
Sphygmomanometer
A
Records blood pressure
17
Q
Auscultation
A
Listening for sounds within the body
Usually performed with stethoscope
18
Q
Rale
A
Known as crackle
Crackle-like sound heard through stethoscope during inspiration
19
Q
Rhonchi
A
Coarse rattling sounds that are somewhat like snoring; usually caused by secretions in bronchial airways
20
Q
Stridor
A
Abnormal high-pitched musical breathing sound caused by blockage in the throat or larynx
21
Q
Bruit
A
Abnormal sound or murmur heard during auscultation of an artery; due to partially blocked, narrowed, diseased artery
22
Q
Auscult/a
Auscult/o
A
To listen
23
Q
Percussion
A
Diagnostic procedure designed to determine density of a body part by the sound produced by tapping the surface with the fingers
24
Ophthalmoscope
Instrument used to examine interior of the eye
25
Otoscope
Instrument used to visually examine the external ear canal and tympanic membrane
26
Ot/o
Ear
27
Ophthalm/o
Eye
28
Speculum
Instrument used to enlarge the opening of any canal or cavity to facilitate inspection of its interior
29
Stethoscope
Instrument used to listen to sounds within the body
30
Steth/o
Chest
31
Recumbent
Any position in which the patient is lying down (front, back, or side)
32
Lithotomy position
Patient is lying on back, face up, with the feet and legs raised and supported in stir ups
33
Prone position
Patient is laying on abdomen face down
34
Sims' position
Patient laying on the left side with the right knee and thigh drawn up with the left arm placed along the back
35
Phlebotomist
Medical patient trained to draw blood from patients for various laboratory tests and other procedures
36
Complete blood cell count
Series of tests performed as a group to evaluate several blood conditions
37
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Test based on speed with which the red blood cells separate from the plasma and fall to the bottom of a specialized tube. Elevated rate indicates inflammation
38
Hematocrit
Describes percentage by volume of a blood sample occupied by red cells; uses to diagnose abnormal states of hydration and polycythemia/anemia
39
Red blood cell count
Determination is number of erythrocytes in blood; indicates anemia or hemorrhage
40
White blood count
Determination of number of leukocytes in blood; indicates infection or inflammation
41
Basic metabolic profile
Group of 8 specific blood tests that provide info about kidneys, electrolyte balance, blood sugar, and calcium levels
42
Blood urea nitrogen test
Measures amount of nitrogen in blood due to waste product urea; indicates kidney function
43
Urinalysis
Examination of physical and chemical properties of urine
44
Albuminuria
Presence of albumin in urine; high test levels indicate impaired kidney function
45
Bacteriuria
Presence of bacteria in blood
46
Calciuria
Presence of calcium in urine
47
Creatinuria
Increased concentration of creatinine in the urine; creatinine is waste usually removed by kidneys
48
Glycosuria
Presence if glucose in urine usually caused by diabetes
49
Hematuria
Presence of blood in urine
50
Ketonuria
Presence of ketones in urine; ketones form when body breaks down fat; indicates starvation or uncontrolled diabetes
51
Proteinuria
Presence of abnormal amount of protein in urine; indicates kidney disease
52
Pyuria
Presence of pus in urine
| Urine looks cloudy
53
Endoscopy
Visual examination of the interior of a body cavity
54
Laparoscopy
Visual examination of the interior of the abdomen with the use of a laparoscope that is passed through a small incision in the abdominal wall
55
Arthrocentesis
Surgical puncture of joint space to remove synovial fluid for analysis to determine cause of pain or swelling in a joint
56
Pericardiocentesis
Puncture of pericardial sac to remove fluid
57
Cardi/o
Heart
58
Radiopaque
Substance does not allow x-rays to pass through; white or light grey on film
59
Radiolucent
Substance allows x-rays to pass through; black or dark grey on film
60
Barium
Radiopaque contrast medium used primarily to visualize gastrointestinal tract
61
Interventional radiology
Use of radiographic imaging to guide a procedure such as a biopsy
62
Computed tomography
| CT
Uses thin fan shaped x-Ray beam that rotates around the patient to produce multiple cross-sectional views of the body
63
Magnetic resonance imaging
| MRI
Uses combo of radio waves and strong magnetic field to create signals that are sent to a computer and converted into images of any plane through the body
64
Magnetic resonance angiography
| MRA
Helps locate problems within blood vessels throughout the body
65
Fluoroscopy
Visualization of body parts in motion by projecting x-Ray images on a luminous fluorescent screen
66
Ultrasonography
Imaging of deep body structures by recording echoes of sound wave pulses that are above range of human hearing
67
Fluor/o
Glowing
68
Ultra-
Beyond
69
Ket/o
| Keton/o
Ketones
70
Protein/o
Protein
71
Muscul/o
Muscle
72
Single photon emission computed tomography
| SPECT
Type of nuclear imaging test that produces 3D computer-reconstructed images showing perfusion through tissues and organs
73
Perfusion
Flow of blood through an organ
74
Positron emission tomography
| PET
Combines tomography with radionuclide tracers to produce enhanced images of selected body organs or areas
75
ac
Before meals
76
ad lib
As desired
77
Amt
Amount
78
bid
Twice a day
79
pc
After meals
80
po
By mouth
81
prn
As needed
82
qh
Every hour
83
qd
Every day
84
qid
Four times a day
85
Rx
Prescription
86
sig
To be labeled accordingly
87
tid
Three times a day
88
@
At
89
/c
With
90
Adverse drug reaction
Undesirable reaction that accompanies the principal response for which the drug was taken
91
Compliance
Patient's consistency and accuracy in following regimen prescribed by a physician or other health care professional
92
Contraindication
Factor in patient's condition that makes the use of a medication or specific treatment dangerous or ill-advised
93
Idiosyncratic reaction
Unexpected reaction to a drug that is peculiar to the individual
94
Palliative
Substance that eases pain or severity of the symptoms of a disease but does not cure it
95
Placebo
Inactive substance administered for suggestive effects
96
Antipyretic
Medication administered to prevent or reduce fever
97
Analgesic
Class of drugs that relieves pain without affecting consciousness
98
Contra-
Against
99
-crit
Separate
100
-meter
Device used to measure
101
Derm/o
| Dermat/o
Skin
102
Transdermal
Medication administered from a patch applied to unbroken skin
103
Intravenous injection
Made directly into a vein
104
Intradermal injection
Made into the middle layers of skin
105
Intramuscular injection
Made directly into muscle tissue
106
Subcutaneous injection
Made into fatty layer just below skin
107
Esophag/o
Esophagus
| Throat
108
Acupuncture
Traditional Chinese medical practice using very thin needles inserted into specific pints of body to restore flow of qi
109
Echocardiography
Ultrasonic diagnostic procedure used to evaluate structures and motions of the heart
110
Parenteral
Introduced otherwise than by way of the intestines
