Chapter 9: Peers

Question 1

Sociometric Status

Answer 1

the extent to which children and adolescents are liked or disliked by their peer group

Question 2

popular children

Answer 2

children who are frequently nominated as a best friend and are rarely disliked by their peers

Question 3

average children

Answer 3

children who receive an average number of both positive and negative nominations from their peers

Question 4

neglected children

Answer 4

children who are infrequently nominated as a best friend but are not disliked by their peers

Question 5

rejected children

Answer 5

children who are infrequently nominated as a best friend and are actively disliked by their peers

Question 6

controversial children

Answer 6

children who are infrequently nominated both as a best friend and as being disliked

Question 7

Kenneth Dodge’s 5 social processing steps

Answer 7

decoding of social cues, interpretation, response search, selection of an optimal response, and enactment

Question 8

conglomerate skills

Answer 8

use of a combination of techniques, rather than a single approach, to improve adolescents’ social skills (also called coaching)

Question 9

Friends

Answer 9

a subset of peers who engage in mutual companionship, support, and intimacy

Question 10

intimacy in friendship

Answer 10

self-disclosure or sharing of private thoughts

Question 11

cliques

Answer 11

small groups of similar sex which members have similar interests

Question 12

crowds

Answer 12

larger group structure than cliques, adolescents are usually a member of a crowd based on reputation (jocks, druggies, etc.)

Question 13

Eder 1995

Answer 13

The formation of sports teams and extra-curricular activities appeared to foster a hierarchy with girls expressing more dissatisfaction and negative attitudes towards the popular girls, and girls of higher SES