Chapter 12: Culture

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

behavior, patterns, beliefs and all other products of a specific group of people that are passed on from generation to generation

Question 2

Ethnocentrism

Answer 2

a tendency to favor one’s own group over other groups. Giving priority to personal goals rather than group goals

Question 3

individualism

Answer 3

emphasizes values that serve the self, such as pleasure, personal achievement and prestige, and independence

Question 4

collectivism

Answer 4

emphasizes what serve the group by subordinating personal goals to preserve group integrity, interdependence of the members, and harmonious relationships

Question 5

Rites of passage

Answer 5

ceremonies or rituals that mark an individual’s transition from one statue to another, such as the entry into adulthood

Question 6

SES

Answer 6

refers to grouping of people with similar occupational, educational, and economic characteristics

Question 7

poverty

Answer 7

defined by economic hardship, and its most common marker is the federal poverty threshold

Question 8

feminization of poverty

Answer 8

term reflecting that far more women than men live in poverty. Women’s low income, divorce, and the resolution of divorce cases by the judicial system are likely causes

Question 9

ethnicity

Answer 9

a dimension of culture based on cultural heritage, national characteristics, race, religion, and language

Question 10

prejudice

Answer 10

an unjustified negative attitude toward an individual because of the individual’s membership in a group

Question 11

Charmaraman & Grossman, 2010

Answer 11

This study examined the importance of racial and ethnic identity in non-white adolescents. The main findings were that Latinos, Asians, and women had the highest positive regard for their ethnic identity.