Chapter 13: Problems in Adolescence

Question 1

developmental psychopathology approach

Answer 1

Approach that focuses on describing and exploring the developmental pathways of problems

Question 2

developmental cascades

Answer 2

A developmental psychopathology approach that emphasizes connections across domains over time to influence developmental pathways and outcomes

Question 3

acculturative stress

Answer 3

the negative consequences that result from contact between two distinctive cultural groups

Question 4

coping

Answer 4

managing taxing circumstances, expending effort to solve life’s problems, and seeking to master or reduce stress

Question 5

problem-focused coping

Answer 5

Lazarus’ term for the strategy of squarely facing one’s troubles and trying to solve them

Question 6

emotion-focused coping

Answer 6

Lazarus’ term for responding to stress in an emotional manner, especially by using defense mechanisms

Question 7

hallucinogens

Answer 7

drugs that alter an individual’s perceptual experience and produce hallucinations

Question 8

stimulants

Answer 8

drugs that increase the activity of the CNS

Question 9

depressants

Answer 9

drugs that slow down the CNS, bodily functions, and behavior

Question 10

anabolic steroids

Answer 10

drugs derived from the male sex hormone testosterone. They promote muscle growth and increase lean body mass

Question 11

juvenile delinquency

Answer 11

a broad range of behaviors, including socially unacceptable behavior, status offenses, and criminal acts

Question 12

index offenses

Answer 12

criminal acts, such as robbery, rape, and homicide, whether they are committed by juveniles or adults

Question 13

status offenses

Answer 13

juvenile offenses, performed by youth under a specified age. drinking, truancy, sexual promiscuity

Question 14

conduct disorder

Answer 14

the psychiatric diagnostic category for the occurrence of multiple delinquent activities over a 6 month period. Includes status offenses

Question 15

major depressive disorder

Answer 15

when an individual experiences a major depressive episode and depressed characteristics for two weeks or longer and daily functioning becomes impaired

Question 16

the four problems that most affect adolescents

Answer 16

drug use, juvenile delinquency, sexual problems, and school related problems

Question 17

elements of good prevention and intervention

Answer 17

1. extensive individual attention
2. community-wide intervention
3. early identification and prevention

Question 18

Brown and Rinelli, 2010

Answer 18

They found that adolescents in families with two biological married parents were less likely to engage in smoking and drinking than adolescents in cohabiting stepfamilies. Above all, these findings were found to be linked to different levels of maternal support and control, amount of maternal substance use, and socioeconomic disadvantages.