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Medical Terminology > CHAPTER 9: OBSTETRICS & NEONATOLGY > Flashcards

CHAPTER 9: OBSTETRICS & NEONATOLGY Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Obstetrics

A

branch of medicine that deals with childbirth and the care of the mother before and after birth

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2
Q

Neonatology

A

branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the newborn

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3
Q

gamete

A

mature germ cell

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4
Q

ovulation

A

expulsion of a mature ovum

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5
Q

conception

A

fertilization, beginning of pregnancy

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6
Q

zygote

A

cell formed from the union of the sperm and ovum

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7
Q

embryo

A

unborn offspring, from implantation of the zygote to end of the 8th week

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8
Q

fetus

A

unborn offspring from beginning of the 9th week of pregnancy until birth

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9
Q

gestation, pregnancy

A

development of a new individual from conception to birth

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10
Q

implantation

A

embedding of the zygote in the uterine lining

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11
Q

placenta

A

afterbirth, grows on the wall of the uterus during pregnancy; allows for nourishment of the unborn child

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12
Q

amniotic sac

A

membranous bag that surrounds the fetus before delivery

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13
Q

layers of amniotic sac

A

chorion: outermost layer, amnion: innermost layer

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14
Q

amni/o

A

amnion, amniotic fluid

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15
Q

chori/o

A

chorion

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16
Q

embry/o

A

embryo, to be full

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17
Q

fet/o, fet/i

A

fetus, unborn child

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18
Q

gravid/o

A

pregnancy

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19
Q

lact/o

A

milk

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20
Q

nat/o

A

birth

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21
Q

omphal/o

A

umbilicus, navel

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22
Q

par/o, part/o

A

bear, give birth to, labor, childbirth

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23
Q

puerper/o

A

childbirth

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24
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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25
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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26
Q

pelv/o, pelv/i

A

pelvic bone, pelvis

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27
Q

prim/i

A

first

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28
Q

pseud/o

A

false

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29
Q

pylor/o

A

pylorus (pyloric sphincter)

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30
Q

terat/o

A

malformations

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31
Q

ante-, pre-

A

before

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32
Q

micro-

A

small

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33
Q

multi-

A

many

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34
Q

nulli-

A

none

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35
Q

post-

A

after

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36
Q

-amnios

A

amnion, amniotic fluid

37
Q

-cyesis

A

pregnancy

38
Q

-e, -is

A

noun suffix, no meaning

39
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

40
Q

-tocia

A

birth, labor

41
Q

-um, -us

A

noun suffix, no meaning

42
Q

amnionitis

A

inflammation of the amnion

43
Q

chorioamnionitis

A

inflammation of the chorion and amnion

44
Q

choriocarcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of the chorion

45
Q

dystocia

A

difficult labor

46
Q

hysterorrhexis

A

rupture of the uterus

47
Q

oligohydramnios

A

scanty amnion water (less than the normal amount, <5oo mL

48
Q

polyhydramnios

A

much amnion water (more than the normal amount, >2000 mL

49
Q

abortion

A

(AB) termination of pregnancy by the expulsion from the uterus of an embryo or fetus before viability, usually before 20 weeks

50
Q

abruptio placentae

A

premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall

51
Q

eclampsia

A

severe complication and progression of preeclampsia characterized by convulsion, potentially life-threatening

52
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

pregnancy occurring outside the uterus, commonly the uterine tubes

53
Q

placenta previa

A

abnormally low implantation of the placenta on the uterine wall completely or partially covering the cervix

54
Q

preeclampsia

A

During pregnancy or shortly after delivering: high blood pressure, edema, proteinuria, but with no convulsions. Cause is unknown

55
Q

microcephalus

A

(fetus with a very) small head

56
Q

omphalitis

A

inflammation of the umbilicus

57
Q

omphalocele

A

herniation at the umbilicus (a part of the intestine protrudes through the abdominal wall at birth)

58
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

narrowing pertaining to the pyloric sphincter

59
Q

tracheoesophageal fistula

A

abnormal passageway pertaining to the trachea and esophagus

60
Q

cleft lip or palate

A

congenital split of the lip or roof of mouth, one or both may be present

61
Q

Down syndrome

A

genetic condition caused by Trisomy 21 characterized by varying degrees of intelligence, development, and physical disorders or defects

62
Q

erythroblastosis fetalis

A

condition of the newborn characterized by hemolysis of the erythrocytes, usually caused by incompatibility between mother’s and infant’s blood (when mother is Rh neg and baby is Rh pos)

63
Q

esophageal atresia

A

congenital absence of part of the esophagus, food cannot pass from baby’s mouth to the stomach

64
Q

fetal alcohol syndrome

A

FAS, condition caused by excessive alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy.

65
Q

gastroschisis

A

congenital fissure of the abdominal wall not at the umbilicus

66
Q

respiratory distress syndrome

A

respiratory complication in the newborn, especially in premature infants. Caused by normal immaturity of the respiratory system resulting in compromised respiration

67
Q

spina bifida

A

congenital defect in the vertebral column caused by failure of the vertebral arch to close

68
Q

amniotomy

A

incision into the amnion (rupture of the fetal membrane to induce labor; a special hook is generally used to make the incision)

69
Q

episiotomy

A

incision into the vulva (perineum) (sometimes performed during delivery to prevent a traumatic tear of the vulva (perineotomy)

70
Q

pelvic sonography

A

pertaining to the pelvis, process of recording sound (pelvic ultrasound is used extensively to evaluate the fetus)

71
Q

amniocentesis

A

surgical puncture to aspirate amniotic fluid

72
Q

amnioscope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the amniotic fluid (and the fetus)

73
Q

amnioscopy

A

visual examination of amniotic fluid (and the fetus)

74
Q

breech presentation

A

birth position in which the buttocks, feet, or knees emerge first

75
Q

cephalic presentation

A

birth position in which any part of the head emerges first, the most common postion

76
Q

cesarean section

A

C-section, CS, birth of a fetus through an incision in the mother’s abdomen and uterus

77
Q

colostrum

A

thin, milky fluid secreted by the breast during pregnancy and during the first days after birth before lactation begins

78
Q

congenital anomaly

A

abnormality present at birth; often discovered before birth by sonography and/or amniocentesis

79
Q

in vitro fertilization

A

IVF, method of fertilizing human ova outside the body and placing the zygote into the uterus

80
Q

lactation

A

secretion of milk

81
Q

lochia

A

vaginal discharge after childbirth

82
Q

meconium

A

first stool of the newborn (greenish-black)

83
Q

obstetrician

A

physician who specializes in obstetrics

84
Q

obstetrics

A

OB, medical specialty dealing with pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium

85
Q

parturition

A

act of giving birth

86
Q

premature infant

A

infant born before completing 37 weeks of gestation (preterm infant)

87
Q

puerperium

A

period from delivery until the reproductive organs return to normal (approx 6 weeks)

88
Q

quickening

A

first feeling of movement of the fetus in utero by the pregnant woman, usually occurs between 16-20 weeks

89
Q

stillborn

A

born dead

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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