CHAPTER 5: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND INTRO TO DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES AND TESTS Flashcards
The respiratory system consists of:
nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
Function of respiratory system
exchange of O2 and CO2 between atmosphere and body cells. Called respiration and breathing
External respiration
air containing O2 passes through the res. tract to the lungs where O2 passes from sacs in the lungs called alveoli to the blood in tiny blood vessels called capillaries. Simultaneously CO2 passes back from the capillaries to the alveoli and expelled through the respiratory tract
Flow of Air
Inhalation: air enters nose or mouth, to pharynx, to larynx, to trachea, to bronchial tree, to alveoli
Exhalation: air containing CO2 leaves the alveoli, to the bronchial tree, to the trachea, to the larynx, to the pharynx, out the nose or mouth
Internal respiration
The body cells take on O2 from the blood while giving back CO2 as a waste produced when food and O@ combine in cells, which is transported by the blood back to the lungs for exhalation.
Upper vs. Lower respiratory tract
Upper: nose, pharynx, larynx
Lower: trachea, bronchi, lungs
atel/o
imperfect, incomplete
capn/o
carbon dioxide
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
muc/o
mucus
orth/o
straight
ox/i
oxygen
phon/o
sound, voice
py/o
pus
radi/o
x-rays, ionizing radiation
somn/o
sleep
son/o
sound
spir/o
breathe, breathing
tom/o
to cut, section, or slice
tachy-
fast, rapid
-cele
hernia or protrusion
-centesis
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid (with a sterile needle)
-ectasis
stretching out, dilatation, expansion
-emia
in the blood
