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Medical Terminology > CHAPTER 4: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM > Flashcards

CHAPTER 4: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Integumentary system is composed of:

A

skin, nails, hair, glands

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2
Q

Functions of integumentary system

A
  1. skin protects body from bacteria entering the body, 2. from water loss and damaging effects of UV light, 3. regulation of body temp and synthesis of vitamin D
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3
Q

epidermis

A

outer layer of skin

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4
Q

keratin

A

layer of epidermis, the scleroprotein component of the horny, or cornified

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5
Q

melanin

A

color, or pigmentation, of skin

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6
Q

dermis

A

also called “true skin”, the inner layer of skin

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7
Q

sudoriferous glands

A

sweat glands, tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on the skin’s surface and secrete sweat

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8
Q

sebaceous glands

A

secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis

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9
Q

hair

A

compressed, keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles, the sacs that enclose the hair fibers

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10
Q

nails

A

originate in the epidermis. Nails are found on the upper surface of the ends of the fingers and toes. The white area at the base of the nail is called the lunula, or moon.

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11
Q

cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o

A

skin

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12
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat

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13
Q

kerat/o

A

horny tissue, hard

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14
Q

onych/o, ungu/o

A

nail

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15
Q

seb/o

A

sebum (oil)

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16
Q

trich/o

A

hair

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17
Q

aut/o

A

self

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18
Q

bi/o

A

life

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19
Q

coni/o

A

dust

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20
Q

crypt/o

A

hidden

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21
Q

heter/o

A

other

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22
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

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23
Q

necr/o

A

death (cells, body)

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24
Q

pachy/o

A

thick

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25
Q

rhytid/o

A

wrinkles

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26
Q

staphyl/o

A

grapelike clusters

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27
Q

strept/o

A

twisted chains

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28
Q

xer/o

A

dry

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29
Q

epi-

A

on, upon, over

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30
Q

intra-

A

within

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31
Q

para-

A

beside, beyond, around, abnormal

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32
Q

per-

A

through

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33
Q

sub-

A

under, below

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34
Q

trans-

A

through, across, beyond

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35
Q

-a

A

noun suffix, no meaning

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36
Q

-coccus (pl.cocci)

A

berry-shaped form of bacterium

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37
Q

-ectomy

A

excision or surgical removal

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38
Q

-ia

A

diseased or abnormal state, condition of

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39
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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40
Q

-malacia

A

softening

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41
Q

-opsy

A

view of, viewing

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42
Q

-phagia

A

eating or swallowing

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43
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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44
Q

-rrhea

A

flow, discharge

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45
Q

-tome

A

instrument used to cut

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46
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin

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47
Q

dermatoconiosis

A

abnormal condition of the skin caused by dust

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48
Q

hidradenitis

A

inflammation of a sweat gland

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49
Q

leioderma

A

condition of smooth skin

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50
Q

leukoderma

A

white skin (white patches caused by depigmentation)

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51
Q

onychocryptosis

A

abnormal condition of a hidden nail (ingrown nail)

52
Q

onychomalacia

A

softening of the nails

53
Q

onychomycosis

A

abnormal condition of a fungus in the nails

54
Q

onychophagia

A

eating the nails (nail biting)

55
Q

pachyderma

A

thickening of the skin

56
Q

paronychia

A

diseased state around the nail

57
Q

seborrhea

A

discharge of sebum (excessive)

58
Q

trichomycosis

A

abnormal condition of a fungus in the hair

59
Q

xeroderma

A

dry skin

60
Q

abrasion

A

scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury

61
Q

abscess

A

localized collection of pus

62
Q

acne

A

inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

63
Q

actinic keratosis

A

precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight

64
Q

albinism

A

congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

65
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

BCC: epithelial tumor arising from the epidermis (common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure)

66
Q

candidiasis

A

infection of the skin, mouth, or vagina caused by yeast-type-fungus Candida albicans

67
Q

carbuncle

A

skin infection composed of a cluster of boils caused by staphylococcal bacteria

68
Q

cellulitis

A

inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection, characterized by redness, swelling, and fever

69
Q

contusion

A

injury with no break in the skin, characterized by pain, swelling, and fever

70
Q

eczema

A

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching

71
Q

fissure

A

slit or cracklike sore in the skin

72
Q

furuncle

A

painful skin node caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle

73
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion (form of necrosis)

74
Q

herpes

A

inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters

75
Q

impetigo

A

superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci

76
Q

infection

A

invasion of pathogens in body tissue

77
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules on the lower extremities that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs, frequently seen with AIDS

78
Q

laceration

A

torn, ragged-edged wound

79
Q

lesion

A

any visible change in tissue resulting from injury or disease. Broad term that includes sores, wounds, ulcers, and tumors

80
Q

MRSA infection

A

invasion of body tissue by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, developed resistance to methicillin and other antibiotic

81
Q

pediculosis

A

invasion into the skin and hair by lice

82
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales

83
Q

rosacea

A

chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules, and broken blood vessels

84
Q

scabies

A

skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing into the outer layer of the skin and laying eggs. severe itching

85
Q

scleroderma

A

disease characterized by chronic hardening (induration) of the connective tissue of the skin and other body organs

86
Q

squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCA)

A

malignant growth that develops from scalelike epithelial tissue. Significant potential for metastasis. Commonly caused by high sun exposure

87
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A

chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system

88
Q

tinea

A

fungal infection of the skin

89
Q

urticaria

A

itchy skin, hives

90
Q

vitiligo

A

white patches on the skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes associated with autoimmune disorders

91
Q

Common bacterial infections

A

carbuncle, cellulitis, furuncle, impetigo, MRSA, paronychia

92
Q

Common fungal infections

A

candidiasis, tine, trichomycosis

93
Q

Common parasitic infections

A

scabies, pediculosis

94
Q

Common viral infections

A

fever blister (herpes simplex) and shingles (herpes zoster)

95
Q

biopsy

A

view of life (the removal of living tissue from the body to be viewed under the microscope)

96
Q

dermatoautoplasty

A

surgical repair using one’s own skin graft (autograft)

97
Q

dermatoheteroplasty

A

surgical repair using skin from others (skin graft) (allograft)

98
Q

dermatome

A

instrument used to cut skin (in thin sliced for skin graft)

99
Q

dermatoplasty

A

surgical repair of the skin

100
Q

onychectomy

A

excision of a nail

101
Q

rhytidectomy

A

excision of wrinkles (facelift)

102
Q

rhytidoplasty

A

surgical repair of wrinkles

103
Q

cauterization

A

destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, electric current, or caustic substance (cautery)

104
Q

cryosurgery

A

destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often by using liquid nitrogen

105
Q

debridement

A

removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound

106
Q

dermabrasion

A

procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sandpaper

107
Q

excision

A

removal by cutting

108
Q

incision

A

surgical cut or wound produced by a sharp instrument

109
Q

incision and drainage (I&D)

A

surgical cut made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound, or cavity

110
Q

laser surgery

A

procedure using an instrument that emits a high-powered beam of light used to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissue

111
Q

Mohs surgery

A

technique of microscopically controlled serial excisions of skin cancer

112
Q

suturing

A

to stitch edges of a wound surgically

113
Q

alopecia

A

loss of hair

114
Q

cicatrix

A

scar

115
Q

cyst

A

closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material

116
Q

cytomegalovirus (CMV)

A

herpes-type virus that usually causes disease when the immune system is compromised

117
Q

diaphoresis

A

sweating

118
Q

ecchymosis

A

escape of blood into the skin or mucous membrane

119
Q

edema

A

puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid

120
Q

erythema

A

redness

121
Q

induration

A

abnormal hard spot(s)

122
Q

jaundice

A

condition characterized by yellow tinge to the skin

123
Q

keloid

A

overgrowth of scar tissue

124
Q

leukoplakia

A

condition characterized by white spots or patches on mucous membrane, which may be precancerous

125
Q

macule

A

flat, colored spot on the skin

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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