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Medical Terminology > CHAPTER 8: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM > Flashcards

CHAPTER 8: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Female reproductive system consists of:

A

Externally: vulva, clitoris, mammary glands
Internally: vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries

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2
Q

vulva

A

external genitals: 2 pairs of lips, labia major and labia minora, that surround the vagina

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3
Q

clitoris

A

highly erogenous erectile body located anterior to the urethra

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4
Q

perineum

A

pelvic floor in both the male and female; in females, it usually refers to the area between the vaginal opening and anus

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5
Q

ovaries

A

pair of almond-shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity; egg cells are stored in the ovaries (ovum, ova pl.)

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6
Q

uterine tubes

A

fallopian tubes, pair of tubes attached to the uterus that provides a passageway for the ovum to move from the ovary to the uterus

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7
Q

uterus

A

pear-sized and shaped muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity. Functions: menstruation, pregnancy, labor

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8
Q

Anatomy of uterus

A

Endometrium: inner lining, myometrium: muscular middle layer, perimetrium: thin outer layer, corpus/body: large central portion of uterus, fundus: rounded upper portion of uterus, cervix: narrow lower portion of uterus

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9
Q

vagina

A

3 inch tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body, hymen: fold of membrane located near opening of vagina

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10
Q

Rectouterine pouch

A

Douglas cul-de-sac, cavity between the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior wall of the rectum that is closed at the inferior end

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11
Q

Bartholin glands

A

pair of mucus-producing glands located on each side of the vagina and just above the vaginal opening

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12
Q

mammary glands

A

breasts, pair of milk-producing glands of the female; each breast consists of 15-20 lobes

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13
Q

mammary papilla

A

breast nipple

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14
Q

areola

A

pigmented area around the nipple

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15
Q

arche/o

A

first, beginning

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16
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix

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17
Q

colp/o, vagin/o

A

vagina

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18
Q

culd/o

A

cul-de-sac

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19
Q

episi/o, vulv/o

A

vulva

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20
Q

gynec/o, gyn/o

A

woman

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21
Q

hymen/o

A

hymen

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22
Q

hyster/o, metr/o, metr/i

A

uterus

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23
Q

mamm/o, mast/o

A

breast

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24
Q

men/o

A

menstruation

25
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

26
Q

perine/o

A

perineum

27
Q

salping/o

A

uterine tube (fallopian tube)

28
Q

peri-

A

surrounding (outer)

29
Q

-atresia

A

absence of a normal body opening; occlusion; closure

30
Q

-salpinx

A

uterine tube

31
Q

adenomyosis

A

growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus

32
Q

breast cancer

A

malignant tumor of the breast

33
Q

cervical cancer

A

malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cervical dysplasia to carcinoma (linked to HPV)

34
Q

endometrial cancer

A

malignant tumor of the endometrium (uterine cancer)

35
Q

endometriosis

A

abnormal condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus in various areas including ovaries, uterine tubes, intestines, uterus

36
Q

fibrocystic breast condition

A

(FCC) disorder characterized by benign cysts in one or both breasts; may cause discomfort

37
Q

fibroid tumor

A

benign tumor of the uterine muscle (myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma)

38
Q

ovarian cancer

A

malignant tumor of the ovary

39
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease

A

PID, inflammation of some or all of the female pelvic organs

40
Q

prolapsed uterus

A

downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina (hysteroptosis)

41
Q

toxic shock syndrome

A

TSS, severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia

42
Q

vesicovaginal fistula

A

abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina

43
Q

anterior and posterior colporrhaphy

A

(A&P repair) surgical repair of a weakened vaginal wall to correct a cystocele and a rectocele

44
Q

conization

A

cone biopsy, surgical removal of a cone shaped area of the cervix; used in the treatment for non invasive cervical cancer

45
Q

dilation and curettage

A

(D&C) surgical procedure to widen the cervix and scrape the endometrium with an instrument called curette

46
Q

endometrial ablation

A

procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser, electrical, or thermal energy, used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding

47
Q

laparoscopy

A

laparoscopic surgery, visual examination of the abdominopelvic cavity

48
Q

myomectomy

A

excision of a fibroid tumor (myoma) from the uterus

49
Q

sentinel lymph node

A

injection of blue dye and/or radioactive isotope used to identify the sentinel lymph node(s), the first in the axillary chain and most likely to contain metastasis of breast cancer

50
Q

stereotactic breast biopsy

A

technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion

51
Q

tubal ligation

A

closure of the uterine tubes for sterilization by tying (ligation) “tying of tubes”

52
Q

uterine artery embolization

A

UAE, minimally invasive procedure used to treat fibroids of the uterus by blocking arteries that supply blood to the fibroids

53
Q

contraception

A

intentional prevention of conception, birth control

54
Q

dyspareunia

A

difficult or painful intercourse

55
Q

fistula

A

abnormal passageway between two organs or between an internal organ and the body surface

56
Q

hormone replacement therapy

A

HRT, replacement of hormones, estrogen and/or progesterone, to treat symptoms associated with menopause

57
Q

menopause

A

cessation of menstruation, usually around 48-53 years unless induced surgically or medically

58
Q

premenstrual syndrome

A

PMS, syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms occurring in the 10 days before menstruation

59
Q

speculum

A

instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspection

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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