Chapter 9 - Families & Health Issues Flashcards
What is found in all societies, that unites individuals into cooperative groups and oversee the bearing and raising of children?
Family
What is a social bond, based on blood, marriage or adoption, the joins individuals into families?
Kinship
What consists of a social group of two or more people, related by blood, marriage, or adoption, who usually live together?
Family unit
What is a legally sanctioned relationship that involves an economic cooperation?
Marriage
What is the most common family form?
Married couples
What is any group of individuals who share a dwelling?
Household
The “families by choice” theory from Gazso and McDaniel state what?
Include both kin and non-kinrelations, created through shared events, Life needs
What is the couple, not including the children?
Conjugal family
What is a family unit composed of one or two parents and their children?
Nuclear family
What is a family unit composed of children up divorced parents who live in two households?
Bi-nuclear family
What is typically the nuclear family plus other kin?
Extended family
What are the different marriage patterns?
Endogamy versus exogamy
Monogamy versus polygamy
Polygyny and polyandry
What is the difference between patrilocality and matrilocality?
Man centred versus woman centred
What is living away from both families, and more common now with modern technology?
Neolocality
What is the system by which members of a society trees can ship over generations?
Patterns of descent
What does the structural functional analysis argue about the family?
There are important functions the family meets
What is the social conflict analysis say about the family?
Family structure can promote inequality within the family
What is the symbolic interactionism Theory emphasize about the family?
The family is socially constructed and always changing
What does the social exchange theory suggest about the family?
Courtship and marriage is a negotiation to make the best deal on their partner
arranged marriage is more common in what societies?
Pre-industrial
What is when people with the same social treat like to marry?
Homogamy
What is the least reliable indicator of marital success?
Romantic love
Why are the birth rates decreasing?
Both parents have to work, which makes having more children difficult
How to social class influence marriage?
Influences the partners expectations regarding marriage, availability and access to resources
According to just Bernard, who benefit more from marriage?
Men
What includes physical or mental harm, sexual abuse, neglect, or maltreatment?
Child abuse
What is the most common form of report a child abuse?
Neglect
Why is health a social issue?
The way health is defined, experienced, treated Is deeply embedded in social relations, institutions, and structures
What different medical systems tend to shape the meanings and practises of health?
Allopathic medicine, traditional approaches, and complementary and alternative medicines
What is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being?
Health
What is the social institution that focusses on combatting disease and improving health?
Medicine
What are the four way that society effects health?
1) Cultural patterns define health
2) cultural standards of health change over time
3) health relates to a societies technology
4) social inequality effects health
How do death rates correspond with birth rates in low-income countries?
Lowered death rates are coupled with reduced birth rates
What is social epidemiology?
Study of how health and disease are distributed throughout a societies population
What is the approach to health care of the emphasizes prevention of illness and takes into account a persons entire physical and social environment?
Holistic medicine
Why does work family conflict arise?
Time related stress from competing demands of different roles imposed on working parents
Why is there a rise in dual earning families?
Growth in non-standard work, family earnings and stability and in the quality and women’s higher levels of education and desire for economic independence
What includes acts of physical and sexual violence, emotional abuse and controlling behaviors?
Intimate partner violence
What is the most common form of violence against women?
Intimate partner violence
How has Canadians health changed over the years?
Positive change, reduction in diseases, increased life expectancy, lower infant death rate
What are the social determinants of health?
Direct link between Socio economic inequalities and health
Indigenous Canadians experience poor health as a result of inequalities. What are some of these effects?
Lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality rates, more likely to have one or more chronic conditions, poor mental health, low life satisfaction
What is the sociology of medicine focus on?
Medical care system, including healthcare institutions, medically related industries, training and work of healthcare providers, medical professionals
What is an important framework for understanding the growing dominance and spread of allopathic medicine in social life?
Medicalization
What insights does structural functionalism offer into health and medicine?
In a stable society, social institutions work together to support good health for the population
What is Parsons sick role theory?
Special position that prevents illness from disrupting social life, equivalent to get out of jail free card
How does the conflict theory view health in society?
Considers relationships between health and social inequality
Who wrote about the negative health effects of capitalism on the working class?
Engels
Why were public health measures enacted?
Prevent epidemics in I’ll health
What does the interpretive theory suggest about health and medicine in society?
Considers how meanings of health, illness, care, or socially constructed
What is Goffman’s stigma concept?
Some illnesses or generalized beyond the disease to reflect negatively on the person who has a disease
What is feminism’s view on health and medicine?
Consider whether, how, and why people who are racialized in gendered have different health and illness profiles
What did Kasper and Ferguson examine about breast cancer research?
High incidence and prevalence of breast cancer is related to over diagnosis, occurrence and highly sexualized breast
What are the four basic principles that Canada’s universal healthcare program is guided by?
1) Universality: applies to all Canadians on equal terms
2) Portability: benefits accessed across Canada
3) Comprehensive coverage: covers all necessary medical services
4) Administration: nonprofit
What is a principle added to universal healthcare by the Canada Health Act?
Accessibility: cost sharing between federal and provincial government
What is taking place that means more healthcare services are provided for by profiting companies?
Privatization
Where does most of the growth in medical system occur?
Private sector
What for main components of medicalization were proposed by Zola?
1) an expansion of what in life and in a person is relevant to medicine
2) maintenance of absolute control over certain technical procedures by allopathic medical profession
3) maintenance of almost absolute access to certain areas by medical profession
4) Spread of medicines relevance to an increasingly large portion of living
What is Canada’s healthcare system composed of?
Publicly financed, privately delivered
What is unique about the United States healthcare system?
No universal, government subsidize program with healthcare
What is great Britain’s healthcare system?
A dual system, combines socialized medicine with doctors and hospitals that operate privately
What is China’s healthcare system?
Holistic approach that includes traditional healing arts
What healthcare system does Japan have?
Private doctors paid by a combination of government programs and private insurance
What is Russia’s healthcare system?
Bureaucratic system where physicians are mostly women and have low prestige
What is Sweden’s healthcare system?
Compulsory, comprehensive, government medical care system offer to all – socialized medicine
What problem does the sandwich generation refer to?
Individuals, between demands of caring for both dependent children and aging parents
