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Intro to Sociology > Chapter 10 - Education > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Education Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What issues in education does sociology consider?

A

1) Rise of formal education
2) educational systems
3) experiences for different social groups
4) social factors related to educational success or failure

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2
Q

What is the social institution through which society provide its members with important knowledge, including basic facts, job skills, and cultural norms and values?

A

Education

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3
Q

What is the formal instruction under the direction of specially trained teachers?

A

Schooling

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4
Q

How is education part of socialization?

A

Because socialization refers to all direct and indirect learning related to humans’ ability to understand and negotiate rules and expectations of the social world

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5
Q

How does Canada experience cultural innovation?

A

Through research

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6
Q

What ideology does education enhance?

A

Meritocracy

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7
Q

What are latent functions of education?

A

1) Child care
2) reduce competition for jobs
3) identifies partners

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8
Q

What is a critical review of education?

A

Reproduces the class structure

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9
Q

In what ways is social inequality perpetuated?

A

1) social control - teaches students discipline and punctuality
2) testing - transforms privilege into individual merit
3) tracking - assigning students to different types of programs, frequently according to their background

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10
Q

How does education as a social institution vary?

A

Culturally and historically

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11
Q

What is the growth of formal education in Canada related to?

A

1) Expansion of educational opportunities and requirements
2) Increasing educational opportunities among people born in Canada
3) selection of highly educated immigrants

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12
Q

Why was public schooling promoted in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

A

Serving public interest for all citizenry

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13
Q

Why did education expand by mid 20th century?

A

Accommodate a growing demand
(Credentials became important for many jobs & more comprehensive education to serve needs of a progressive and expanding society)

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14
Q

What generation was influential in the expansion of education in the mid-20th century?

A

Baby Boomer

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15
Q

Why did education expand throughout the life course by the 1970’s?

A

To accommodate college and university education

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16
Q

What refers to the impact of rapidly changing information technologists and scientific advancements in major spheres of life?

A

Knowledge-based economy

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17
Q

The capacity to learn, innovate and apply knowledge is important in what kind of society?

A

Learning society

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18
Q

What kind of society is Canada considered to be?

A

Intelligence-based society

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19
Q

Emphasis on credentials and lifelong is associated with what factors across national settings?

A

Globalization and competition

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20
Q

What are seems as indicators of modernization and development status among populations?

A

High levels of education

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21
Q

What are barriers to education?

A

Girls and children of low-income households, and First Nations

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22
Q

Which theory examines education in terms of its role in maintains social order and stability?

A

Structural functional

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23
Q

Which sociologist viewed education as means by which society is reproduced?

A

Durkheim

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24
Q

What were Parsons’ two main functions of education?

A

Selection - allocates individuals with different skills/talents into appropriate jobs and social positions
Socialization - equips individuals with knowledge, capabilities to perform social and economic roles as adults

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25
Q

Which theory focuses on increasing technical sophistication of jobs and knowledge production?

A

Technical functionalism

26
Q

How does education reflect meritocratic ideal?

A

Enables individuals to achieve success regardless of social background

27
Q

What theory emphasizes the role of education as a tool for developing human capacities to create and apply new knowledge, and contribute to economic development?

A

Human capital theory

28
Q

What is the symbolic interactionism/micro sociology theory of education?

A

Focuses on lives and understanding of those involved in education

29
Q

Which sociologist suggested that schooling involves series of negotiations between students, teachers and parents who shape meanings, experiences and practices?

A

Waller

30
Q

What is microsociology’s view of how education is constructed as a social institution?

A

Constructed through daily activity, social interactions, patterns of social relations

31
Q

What is the criticism of microsociology’s view of education?

A

Overlooks broader contexts and structures of power, inequalities in education

32
Q

What is the criticism of the structural functionalism view of education?

A

Overlooks persistent inequalities in education and doesn’t address differences in values, practices and content involved in education

33
Q

Which theory is concerned with the role of education in maintaining or changing institutional structures and social inequalities?

A

Conflict theory

34
Q

What did Bowles and Gintis suggest about education?

A

Schools serve as mechanisms for selection and preparation of students for jobs in an occupational hierarchy conditioned by capitalist interests

35
Q

Which theory suggest that educational expansion serves interests of privileged groups?

A

Conflict theory

36
Q

Which theory suggests that education reinforces various forms of social inequality?

A

Conflict theory

37
Q

Which theorists have different waves of feminism view education as an institution to promote women’s rights, opportunities and interests?

A

Feminist theories

38
Q

Which sociologist had an emphasis on people’s standpoints and experiences in research with an aim to change condition underpinning inequalities in education?

A

Smith

39
Q

What is related to the lack of professional recognition, heavy regulation and practices that reflect gender-based assumptions in education?

A

Feminization of teaching

40
Q

What is concerned with relationships between gender, race, class, in shaping student-teacher experiences, opportunities and options?

A

Intersectional analysis

41
Q

What is concerned with power and domination in schooling and personal life?

A

Critical pedagogy

42
Q

What are some problems in schools?

A

1) unprepared for workforce
2) dropping out
3) academic standards

43
Q

What are 5 ways bureaucratic schools undermine education?

A

1) rigid uniformity
2) numerical ratings
3) rigid expectations
4) specialization
5) little individual responsibility

44
Q

What is Bourdieu’s critical theory?

A

Examines how Education is linked to transmission of power and privilege from one generation to another

45
Q

What does Canadian research draw upon in education?

A

Integrative approaches (personal and social-structural)

46
Q

What is growing educational diversity related to?

A

Social and demographic changes

47
Q

Why is the hidden curriculum an issue affecting educational participants?

A

School life imparts value, beliefs and ideas that favour students from some backgrounds more than others

48
Q

What is reinforced by banking on a model of pedagogy, and the curricula tends to be transmitted in top-down fashion (teacher down to student)?

A

Silencing practices

49
Q

How is education coordinated in Canada?

A

By provincial governments and implemented by local school birds

50
Q

Why is growing reliance on private funding in education a concern?

A

Risk of increased educational inequalities

51
Q

Which perspectives promote application of market-based principles to education?

A

Neo-liberal

52
Q

What do alternative views to neo-liberalist views of education say?

A

Market-based approach to education is limited and doesn’t reflect commitment

53
Q

What is the digital divide?

A

The gap in access and ability to use new technologies

54
Q

How has gender-related educational differences changed over time?

A

They’ve diminished

55
Q

How is education related to social and economic advancement?

A

Traditional forms of inequality diminish with increasing educational participation and attainment rates

56
Q

How have educational differences between racial and ethnic groups changed over time?

A

Diminished because of current immigration policies, promoted sensitivity to racial diversity

57
Q

What is the view of education by families?

A

Investment

58
Q

Why might non-traditional pathways of education become a source of family tensions?

A

Overlap between work, school and family

59
Q

How do parents influence children’s educational attainment and success?

A

Parental education and expectations are important factors (emphasis on early reading and literacy)

60
Q

What impact have new technologies had on education?

A

They are integrated into teaching environments and widened access to learning resources and opportunities

Intro to Sociology (16 decks)

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