Chapter 9 - Endocrine system Flashcards
What are the functions of the hormones?
They control and regulate:
- Reproduction
- Metabolism and energy balance
- Growth and development
- body defenses
- General homeostasis including water, nutrients and electrolyte balance of the blood
The endocrine system also works with…?
The Nervous System
What are the differences between the nervous system and the endocrine system?
Nervous:
- Fast (nerve impulses)
Endocrine System:
- Chemicals (hormones) they can take seconds, days or weeks
What are the 9 glands?
Pineal Gland Thyroid Gland Parathyroid Gland Adrenal Gland Ovaries/Testes (Gonads) Hypothalamus Pituitary Gland Thymus Pancreas
What are the two divisions of the Pituitary Gland?
Anterior Pituitary lobe
Posterior Pituitary lobe
What is a gland?
Is just any structure that makes and secretes a hormone
With which glands does the Pituitary Gland produces hormones?
- Thyroid
- Parathyroid
- Adrenal
- Pineal Gland
What is the characteristic of the hormones?
A hormone can only trigger a reaction in specific cells
What is the function of the pituitary gland?
Helps regulate growth and trigger sexual maturity
What is the function of the pancreas?
Regulates your blood sugar level using insulin and glucagon
What means hyper and hypo?
Hyper- too much
Hypo- too little
What is blood pressure?
Blood volume
What are the 8 main hormones? (GOAT FLAP)
- Growth
- Oxytocin
- Anti- diuretic (ADH)
- Thyroid stimulating
- Follicle Stimulating
- Luteinizing
- Adrenocorticotropic
- Prolactin
What are the hormones of the posterior pituitary?
Oxytocin
Anti- diuretic
What is the stimulus for secretion and function of the oxytocin hormone ?
Sucking at the nipple by an infant
Milk ducts and uterus
What is the stimulus for secretion and function of the Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
- Increase osmolarity of the blood
- Concentration of high blood pressure
- Regulates blood volume and blood pressure
- H2O return to the blood
What are the two division of the adrenal gland?
Adrenal cortex
Adrenal medulla
What are the hormones of the anterior pituitary?
- Thyroid - Stimulating hormone
- Adrenacorticotropic (ACTH)
- Growth Hormone
- Prolactin
What is the stimulus for secretion and function of the thyroid- stimulating hormone ?
Thyroid Gland (comes from the anterior pituitary)
What is the stimulus for secretion and function of the ACTH hormone ?
Adrenal Cortex
What is the stimulus for secretion and function of the growth hormone ?
Nearly all body cells bones, ligaments, cartilage
What is the stimulus for secretion and function of the prolactin hormone ?
Milk production, mammary gland
What are the other 11 hormones?
- Melatonin
- Thyroxine and triiodothyronine
- PTH
- Thymosin
- Calcitonin
- Cortisol
- Aldosterone
- Epinephrine and norepinephrine
- Insulin
- Glucagong
- Androgen
What are the hormones of the pineal gland?
Melatonin
