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Anatomy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three planes of the body?

A
  • Sagital (Median) Plane
  • Frontal or Coronal Plane
  • Tranverse Plane
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2
Q

What is the sagital (median) plane?

A

This plane slices an objects down to the middle, making a left (medial) half, and a right (lateral) half

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3
Q

What is the frontal (coronal) plane ?

A

This plane splits an object into a frontal half and a back half.

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4
Q

What is a transverse plane?

A

This plane divides the body into an upper half (superior) and a lower half (inferior)

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5
Q

What is superior and inferior?

A

Superior - above

Inferior - below

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6
Q

What is medial and lateral?

A

Medial - toward the midline of the body

Lateral - away from the midline of the body

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7
Q

What is proximal and distal?

A

Proximal - nearer the trunk of the body or the reference

Distal - farther from the trunk of the body or the reference point

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8
Q

What is superficial and deep?

A

Superficial - toward the body surface

Deep - away from the body surface

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9
Q

What are anterior/ventral and posterior/dorsal?

A

Anterior/ventral - toward the front; in front of

Posterior/dorsal - toward the back; behind

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10
Q

What are the 4 abdominopelvic quadrants?

A
  • RUQ = Right upper quadrant
  • LUQ = Left Upper Quadrant
  • RLQ = Right lower Quadrant
  • LLQ = Left lower quadrant
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11
Q

What are the nine abdominopelvic regions?

A
  • RH = Right Hypochondriac Region
  • RL = Right Lumbar Region
  • RI = Right Iliac Region
  • E = Epigastric Region
  • U = Umbilical Region
  • H = Hypogastric Region
  • LH = Left Hypochondriac region
  • LL = Left Lumbar Region
  • LI = Left Iliac Region
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12
Q

What is RH , RL , RI?

A
  • RH = Right Hypochondriac Region (gallbladder, parts of liver and right kidney)
  • RL = Right Lumbar Region ( parts of intestine, small intestine and right kidney)
  • RI = Right Iliac Region (bottom of cecum, appendix, part of small intestine)
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13
Q

What is E, U , H?

A
  • E = Epigastric (liver, stomach, pancreas)
  • U = Umbilical (parts of Tranverse colon and small intestine)
  • H = Hypogastric ( Urinary bladder, sigmoid colon, part of intestine)
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14
Q

What is LH, LL , LI?

A
  • LH = Left Hypochondriac (stomach, left kidney, large intestine)
  • LL = Left Lumbar ( large intestine, small intestine, left kidney)
  • LI = Left Iliac ( large and small intestine)
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15
Q

What is a serous membrane?

A

Are double-layered, fluid- filled sacs that surround organs like the heart and the lungs

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16
Q

What are the three parts of the serous membrane?

A
  • Parietal Layer
  • Visceral Layer
  • Serous Cavity
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17
Q

What is the parietal layer?

A

Outer wall

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18
Q

What is the visceral layer?

A

Inner wall

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19
Q

What is a serous cavity?

A

Inner space ( lo de adentro) filled with water

20
Q

What does it mean pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum?

A 
Pleura = lungs
Pericardium = heart
Peritoneum = abdominal
21
Q

What are the three parts of the heart membrane?

A

Parietal Pericardium
Visceral Pericardium
Pericardial cavity

22
Q

What are the three parts of the lungs membrane?

A

Parietal pleura
Visceral pleura
Pleural cavity

23
Q

What are the three parts of the abdominal membrane?

A

Parietal peritoneum
Visceral peritoneum
Peritoneal cavity

24
Q

Which cavities contain the Dorsal cavity?

A
  • Cranial Cavity

- Vertebral cavity

25
Q

What contains the cranial cavity?

A

Contains the brain

26
Q

What contains the vertebral cavity?

A

Contains the spinal cord

27
Q

Which cavities contain the vertebral body cavity?

A
  • Thoracic cavity
  • Mediastinum
  • Pleural Cavity
  • Pericardial cavity
  • Abdominopelvic Cavity
  • Pelvic Cavity
28
Q

Which cavities contain the abdominopelvic cavity?

A
  • Abdominal cavity

- Pelvic Cavity

29
Q

What contains the abdominal cavity?

A

Contains the digestive organs, kidneys, and ureters

30
Q

What contains the pelvic cavity?

A

Contains the urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs, and the rectum

31
Q

Which cavities contain the thoracic cavity?

A
  • Mediastinum
  • Pleural cavity
  • Pericardial cavity
32
Q

What contains the thoracic cavity?

A

The heart and the lungs

33
Q

What contains the mediastinum?

A

Median compartment of the thoracic cavity

34
Q

What contains the pleural cavity?

A

Fluid- filled space around the lungs

35
Q

What contains the pericardial cavity?

A

Fluid - filled space around the heart

36
Q

What are the 11 body systems? MURDERS LINC

A
  • Digestive
  • Endocrine
  • Reproductive
  • Muscular
  • Urinary
  • Respiratory
  • Skeletal
  • Lymphatic
  • Integumentary
  • Nervous
  • Cardiovascular
37
Q

What is the function and parts of the Muscular System?

A

Parts : Skeletal muscles

Function: Allows manipulation of the environment. Maintains posture and produces heat.

38
Q

What is the function and parts of the Urinary System?

A 
Parts: 
- Kidney
- Ureter
- Urinary bladder
- Urethra
Functions: Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte, and acid- base balance of the blood.
39
Q

What is the function and parts of the Respiratory System?

A 
Parts: 
- Nasal cavity
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchus
Function: Supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
40
Q

What is the function and parts of the Digestive System?

A 
Parts: 
- Oral cavity
- Esophagus
- Liver
- Stomach
- Small Intestine
- Rectum
- Anus
- Large intestine (colon)
Function: Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood or distribution to body cells. Ingestible foodstuffs are eliminated as feces.
41
Q

What is the function and parts of the Endocrine System?

A 
Parts:
- Pineal gland
- Pituitary gland
- Thyroid gland
- Thymus
- Adrenal gland
- Pancreas
- Ovary (woman)
- Testis (men)
Function: Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrients use (metabolism) by body cells.
42
Q

What is the function and parts of the Reproductive System?

A 
Parts: 
Male
- Prostate
- Ductus deferens
- Scrotum
- Testis
- Penis
Female
- Mammary glands (in breasts)
- Ovary
- Uterine tube
- Uterus
- Vagina
Function: Production of offspring. Testes produce sperm and male sex hormone. Ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones.
43
Q

What is the function and parts of the Skeletal System?

A

Parts:
- Bones
- Joints
Function: Protects and supports body organs, and provides a framework the muscles to use to cause movement. Bones store minerals like Calcium (Ca)

44
Q

What is the function and parts of the Lymphatic System?

A 
Parts: 
- Red bone marrow
- Thymus
- Lympathic vessels
- Thoracic duct
- Spleen
- Lymph nodes
Function: Houses white blood cells
45
Q

What is the function and parts of the Integumentary System?

A 
Parts: 
- Hair
- Skin
- Nails
Function:External body covering, and protects tissues from injury
46
Q

What is the function and parts of the Nervous System?

A 
Parts: 
- Brain
- Spinal Cord
- Nerves
Function: Fast- acting control system of the body, it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropiate muscles and glands.
47
Q

What is the function and parts of the Cardiovascular System?

A

Parts:
- Heart
- Blood Vessels
Function: IS NOT BLOOD. Transport blood. The heart pumps blood.

Anatomy (13 decks)

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