Chapter 9: Alcohol Flashcards
After exercise, when should alcohol be consumed?
Alcohol can be consumed after rehydrating and consuming carbohydrates and protein.
Which product of ethanol metabolism disrupts fatty acid oxidation in peripheral tissues?
Acetate
An alcohol-related reduction in which hormone can lead to muscle loss?
Testosterone
What are the likely effects of consuming alcohol prior to going to sleep?
Increased non-REM sleep and decreased growth hormone secretion
After consuming alcohol, how much of the absorbed ethanol is metabolized in the liver?
90%
Flushing of the skin after consuming alcohol is typically associated with which deficiency?
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
What acute effect does drinking alcohol have on the heart?
Decreases left ventricle contractility and increases heart rate
What effect can reduced pyruvate from alcohol metabolism have if liver glycogen is low?
Severe hypogylcemia
According to the USAUDIT-C, harmful alcohol consumption is indicated by scoring above which of the following thresholds?
7 for males and 5 for females
According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, how many standard drinks per day are recommended for females to ensure that alcohol consumption is moderate?
One
How is high-risk drinking categorized for males?
5 or more standard drinks per day or 15 or more drinks per week
What is the risk associated with drinking in cold environments?
Hypothermia
What enzyme, that is responsible for the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide, indirectly contributes to ethanol metabolism?
Catalase
For males, high levels of ethanol consumption are closely associated with what?
Excess belly fat
Why are females more susceptible to the side effects of alcohol
They have less body water than males, so alcohol is more concentrated in the tissues it enters.
A new client likes to consume large amounts of alcohol on a regular basis but he has a weight-loss health goal. What should the Nutrition Coach advise him in regard to his energy intake?
Reduce energy intake by limiting alcohol consumption.
Based on research, which group of college athletes is more likely to regularly consume alcohol at hazardous levels?
Intramural/club athletes
Why is breath alcohol level used as a measure of intoxication?
Because small amounts of ethanol are excreted in the breath
What effect can regular consumption of high levels of alcohol have on an individual’s health?
Increases the risk of a large number of diseases
Approximately how much ethanol is metabolized per hour?
7 grams
What is ethanol’s function in the body?
It has no function; it is a toxin.
How much alcohol is recommended as safe for women who are pregnant?
Zero alcohol
Alcoholics often suffer from structural and functional damage to their brain as a result of a deficiency in which vitamin?
Thiamine
Based on the U.S. style eating pattern, how much energy should come from discretionary sources?
14%
Which intermediate substrate in the processing of ethanol is highly toxic and must be metabolized rapidly and preferentially above all other macronutrients?
Acetaldehyde
When monitoring how much alcohol one consumes in a session, why is simply counting the number of drinks consumed not enough?
Alcoholic drinks come in different sizes and strengths so they may contain more than one standard drink.
How many questions are there in the USAUDIT-C questionnaire?
3
Ethanol is ultimately metabolized to produce ATP and what other substances?
Carbon dioxide and water
