Chapter 21 Navigating Diets

Question 1

A ketogenic diet typically requires carbohydrate intake to be restricted to less than how many grams per day?

Answer 1

50 g

Question 2

A very-high-protein intake can potentially increase energy expenditure via which mechanism?

Answer 2

Increased thermic effect of feeding (increased thermogenesis)

Question 3

An extremely low intake of what nutrient, on a consistent basis, may increase the risk of low testosterone?

Answer 3

Fat

Question 4

Which diet would be most likely to lead to the most rapid decrease in bodyweight over a four-week period?

Answer 4

Very-low-energy diet (VLED)

Question 5

Which diet has the strongest and most extensive amount of peer-reviewed literature supporting its benefit for long-term health?

Answer 5

Mediterranean diet

Question 6

Why is a flexible control of diet behaviors viewed as superior to a rigid control?

Answer 6

Less overeating and negative psychological outcomes

Question 7

Which food group is avoided on a paleo diet?

Answer 7

Grains

Question 8

According to research, how much daily protein intake will maximize the muscle gain that occurs in response to resistance training?

Answer 8

1.6 g/kg

Question 9

High consumption of processed meat products has been associated most strongly with which disease?

Answer 9

Colon cancer

Question 10

Which factor ultimately prevents an individual from losing body fat?

Answer 10

Not being in a calorie deficit (negative energy balance).

Question 11

In research, a low-energy diet (LED) most commonly describes a diet of approximately how many daily calories?

Answer 11

800 to 1,200 kcal/day

Question 12

What does MyPlate recommend to eat less of?

Answer 12

Saturated fat, sodium, and added sugars

Question 13

What is the recommended total daily fat intake on a low-fat diet (LFD)?

Answer 13

20 to 35% of total calories

Question 14

According to global estimates, what is the prevalence of gluten-related disorders

Answer 14

5%

Question 15

What is described as a feeding pattern in which an individual alternates between a day of fasting (up to about 500 kcal) and a day of “feeding” (typically ad libitum dieting)?

Answer 15

Alternate-day fasting

Question 16

A high-protein diet can be potentially be harmful to people within which of the following groups?

Answer 16

Those with a kidney disorder

Question 17

How many grams of protein per meal is advisable to maximize the muscle repair/building response?

Answer 17

20-40 g

Question 18

What does the body do during ketosis?

Answer 18

Produces ketones (ketone bodies) from fat

Question 19

A vegan diet is most likely to put someone at risk for a deficiency in which of these micronutrients?

Answer 19

Vitamin B12

Question 20

Which scenario could indirectly lead to reduced calorie intake?

Answer 20

Increasing protein intake from a low to high intake

Question 21

How can losses of lean body mass while dieting be prevented to the greatest extent?

Answer 21

Integrate resistance training and a high-protein diet.

Question 22

Which term best describes ultra-processed foods that are highly appealing to our senses and are typically high in sugar, fat, salt, and flavoring?

Answer 22

Hyperpalatable

Question 23

Vegans will likely have lower muscle stores of what compound when compared to non-vegans?

Answer 23

Creatine

Question 24

Which of the following foods is limited to low amounts in a typical Mediterranean diet?

Answer 24

Red meat

Question 25

A gluten-free diet is clinically prescribed in the treatment of what disorder?

Answer 25

Celiac disease

Question 26

What is a primary benefit of using a low-energy diet or a very-low-energy diet?

Answer 26

Weight loss will occur at a much faster rate than many other diets.

Question 27

Which of these hormones most directly increases one’s appetite?

Answer 27

Ghrelin

Question 28

What is an accurate description of a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet

Answer 28

No animal products except for dairy products and eggs

Question 29

The Institute of Medicine recommends that vegans have an intake 1.8 times greater than that of non-vegetarians of what micronutrient?

Answer 29

Iron

Question 30

A ketogenic diet comprised of a high-fat intake can lead to what potential negative impact in genetically susceptible individuals?

Answer 30

Increased LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol)

Question 31

Which of these foods would be the best source of calcium for a vegan client?

Answer 31

Leafy green vegetables