Chapter 9 Flashcards
Diffusion
Movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
Along a diffusion gradient
Molecules moving from high to low
Against a diffusion gradient
Molecules moving from low to high
Equilibrium
When the molecules throughout their random movement become distributed throughout the available space
Solvent
A liquid in which a substance dissolves
Membranes through which different substances diffuse at different rates are
Semipermeable
Osmosis
The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region where the water is more concentrated to a region where the water is less concentrated.
Osmotic potential
The measure of the potential of water to move from one cell to another as influenced by solute concentration
Water gained by osmosis May keep a cell firm or
Turgid
Turgor pressure
Develops against the walls as a result of water entering the cell
Water potential
Osmotic potential and pressure potential combined
Plasmolysis
Loss of water through osmosis that is accompanied by the shrinkage of protoplasm away from the cell wall
Colloidal materials
Materials that contain a permanent suspension of fine particles
Imbition
Results In the swelling of tissues whether they are dead or alive
Active transport
The plants absorb and retain solutes against diffusion gradient through the expenditure of energy
Last clown in clown car
Cohesion tension theory
“Columns” of water molecules are pulled through the plant from roots to leaves.
The difference between the water potentials (concentrations) of two areas generates the force to transport water in a plant.
Translocation means
Transportation of food substances by use of phloem
Pressure flow (mass flow) hypothesis
Good substances in a solution Farlow from a source where water enters by osmosis. The water exits at a sink which is a place where food is utilized.
Essential elements
C. HOPKNS CaFe Mg B Mn CuZn Mo Cl (Ni?)Co
Mineral elements
Inorganic nutrients, divided into micro and macro nutrients
Macronutrients
Used by plants in greater amounts and constitute from 0.5% to 3.0% of the dry weight of the plant.
Micronutrients
Needed In the plant in very small amounts, often constituting only a few parts per million (ppm) of the dry weight.
What are the names of the Macronutrients?
Nitrogen, Potassium, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium and sulfur.
NKPCaSMg
Hydroponics
A technique used to grow plants using mineral nutrient solutions without soil.
