Chapter 19 Flashcards
There are about _____ known species of mushrooms, rusts, smuts, mildews, molds, stinkhorns, puffballs, truffles, and other organisms in the kingdom fungi. With over 1,000 more being named every year
45,000
Hyphae
Individual delicate threads
Mycelium
A collective mass of hyphae
Mycologist
Scientist who studies fungi
Mycophagist
Consumer of a mushroom type fungi
Mycologist comes from the Greek word ______, meaning “a fungus”
Myketos
All true fungi have ______ in their cell walls
Chitin
Chitin
A large nitrogenous polysaccharide that is tough and flexible
All fungi are ___________ or _____________ ________
Filamentous, or unicellular heterotrophs
Saprobe
Organism that lives on dead organic matter
Mycorrhizal fungi have a __________ relationship with plants
mutualistic
Chytrids produce
Flagellated reproductive cells
Chytrid
simple, mostly one celled organisms that include many parasites of protists, aquatic fungi, aquatic flowering plants and algae
Rhizoids
Branching threads that anchor the organism to its food source
Coenocytic
Multinucleate mycelia without crosswalls
Sporangiophores
grow upright and produce ________
Sporangia
produced at the tip of a sporangiophore
Spores
produced within sporangium
Progametangia
Swellings produced with the chemicals of one hypha being attracted to another
The progametangia grow toward one another until the touch, a crosswall is formed a short distance behind each tip and two ___________ emerge
Gametangia
When the Gametangia appears, this entire mass becomes a single, large multinucleate _________-
coenozygote
Zygosporangium
thick wall that surrounds the coenozygote
Truffles
gourmet mushrooms that are found using pigs
Ascomycetes
Varied phylum of true fungi which includes truffles, morels, powdery mildews, etc.
conidia (singular: Conidium)
spores that are produced externally– Outside of a sporangium– either singly or In chains at the tips of hyphae called CONIDIOPHORES
Budding
Appears in asexual production of yeasts// As a yeast cell buds, the nucleus divides, and a small protuberance appears to balloon out slowly from the cell. One daughter nucleus moves into the bud, which becomes pinched off as it grows to full size
Asci (singular: ascus)
tiny, fingerlike sacs