Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIO 120 > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is similar between cellular respiration and fermentation?

A

CO2 is produced at the end of the reaction, 4 ATP is produced,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the difference between cellular respiration and fermentation?

A

Oxygen and water is needed in cellular respiration, no water and oxygen is needed in fermentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What tool did Hans Krebs used to discover Kreb cycle?

A

Warburg nanometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tool that is used to show how much oxygen is used up

A

Warburg Nanometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the inputs and outputs of glycolysis?

A

Input: glucose
Output: 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH, water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the inputs and outputs of the citric acid cycle?

A

Inputs: 2 pyruvate, 2 acetylcoA
Outputs: 6 CO2, 2FADH2, 2 ATP, 8 NADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Starting point of fermentation and cellular respiration; eventually splits glucose into pyruvate

A

Glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules by oxidizing acetylcoA to carbon dioxide

A

Citric acid cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does glycolysis occur?

A

Cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does the citric acid cycle occur?

A

Matrix of mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A sequence of electron carrier molecules that shuttle electrons down a series of redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP

A

ETC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What makes up oxidative phosphorylation?

A

ETC and chemiosmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the stages of cellular respiration in order?

A

Glycolysis, Citric acid, ETC, oxidative phosphorylation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is the citric acid cycle considered a cycle?

A

acetyl coA is put in the cycle twice, making it a cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Uses energy stored in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work such as the synthesis of ATP

A

Chemiosmosis

17
Q

Where are ATP synthases found?

A

inner mitochondrial membrane

18
Q

How does ATP synthase work?

A

Hydrogen goes through the ATP synthase which allows ADP and phosphate to combine to form ATP; oxidation

19
Q

Checkpoint that allows or stops molecules from becoming 2 pyruvate

A

Phosphofructokinase

20
Q

What turns on phosphofructokinase?

A

AMP

21
Q

What shuts off phosphofructokinase?

A

citrate and ATP

22
Q

What are the electron carriers in cellular respiration?

A

NAD+

23
Q

What happens during glycolysis?

A

Glucose gets broken down into 2pyruvate

24
Q

How many carbons are present after glycolysis?

A

3

25
Q

Where does glycolysis occur?

A

Cytoplasm

26
Q

Formed from a two-carbon fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme

A

Acetyl coA

27
Q

Electron carrier that is weaker than NAD+/NADH

A

FADH2

28
Q

Where are the enzymes for ETC located?

A

Inner membrane of mitochondria

29
Q

Potential energy stored in the form of a proton electrochemical gradient, generated by pumping hydrogen ions across a biological membrane during chemiosmosis

A

Proton motive force

30
Q

What is the difference between lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation?

A

Lactic acid is produced which ethyl alcohol is produced in alcohol fermentation

31
Q

When does fermentation occur?

A

After glycolysis

32
Q

What does fermentation produce?

A

2 ATP, NAD+

33
Q

How is ethanol created?

A

CO2 is released from pyruvate which is converted to acetaldehyde, acetaldehyde is reduced from NADH to form ethanol

34
Q

How is lactic acid created?

A

Pyruvate is reduced by NADH to form lactic acid

35
Q

Who uses lactic acid fermentation?

A

Animals and bacteria

36
Q

Who uses alcohol fermentation?

A

Yeast

37
Q

Enzyme that breaks down pyruvate to acetaldehyde then to ethanol

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase

38
Q

What is during the energy investment phase?

A

2 ATP

39
Q

What is during the energy payoff phase?

A

NADH, 4 ATP

BIO 120 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions