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BIO 120 > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Specific sequence of nucleotides

A

Gene

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2
Q

Specific location on a chromosome

A

Locus

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3
Q

Transmits genes to offspring

A

Gametes

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4
Q

Involves 1 parent that goes through mitosis, producing genetically identical offspring

A

Asexual reproduction

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5
Q

What are some examples of asexual reproduction?

A

Houttuynia cordata are able to grow a new part of their plant if it is broken off, cockroaches are able to reproduce asexually

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6
Q

layout of all 46 chromosomes in an organism

A

Karyotype

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7
Q

Chromosomes similar in size, centromere position, and staining pattern

A

Homologous chromosomes

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8
Q

The division of sex cells

A

Meiosis

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9
Q

What cells go through meiosis?

A

Gametes

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10
Q

Transmission of genes from one generation to the next

A

Heredity

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11
Q

Display of chromosome pairs by size and shape

A

Karyotype

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12
Q

Homologous chromosomes are split apart

A

Meiosis 1

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13
Q

Sister chromatids are split apart

A

Meiosis 2

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14
Q

Reciprocal exchange of genetic material between non sister chromatids

A

Crossing over

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15
Q

When does crossing over occur?

A

Prophase I

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16
Q

Formation of random combinations of chromosomes in meiosis and of genes on different pairs of homologous chromosomes

A

Independent assortment

17
Q

Chance alone is responsible for which sperm meets which egg

A

Random fertilization

18
Q

Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breakdown, microtubules attaches to kinetochores, crossing over occurs

A

Prophase I

19
Q

Chromosomes line up at the equator of cell

A

Metaphase I

20
Q

Homologous chromosomes separate

A

Anaphase I

21
Q

Two haploid cells form, each chromosomes consisting of two sister chromatids

A

Telophase I

22
Q

Spindle apparatus forms, chromatids move towards metaphase plate

A

Prophase II

23
Q

Chromatids move towards opposite poles as individual chromosomes

A

Anaphase II

24
Q

Chromatids move to metaphase plate, connected by microtubules extending from opposite poles

A

Metaphase II

25
Q

Nuclei form, produces 4 daughter cells that are not genetically identical to each other

A

Telophase II

BIO 120 (16 decks)

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