Chapter 7

Question 1

What is the phospholipid bilayer made of?

Answer 1

Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates

Question 2

What are the 6 functions of proteins?

Answer 2

Transport, storage, enzyme, signal transduction, cell cell recognition, intercellular joining, attachment to the cytoskeleton and ECM

Question 3

Has a hydrophilic and hydrophobic region

Answer 3

Amphiapathic

Question 4

Proteins that penetrate the interior of the lipid bilayer

Answer 4

Integral protein

Question 5

Protein whose appendages loosely bind to the surface of the membrane

Answer 5

Peripheral protein

Question 6

What happens to the fluidity of the phospholipid bilayer if there are a lot of saturated fats?

Answer 6

Increases viscosity

Question 7

What happens to the fluidity of the phospholipid binary if there are a lot unsaturated fats?

Answer 7

Makes it more fluid

Question 8

What molecules do not cross easily across the cell membrane?

Answer 8

Water and polar molecules

Question 9

What molecules cross easily across the cell membrane?

Answer 9

CO2, oxygen, hydrocarbons

Question 10

Helps a certain substance to cross the membrane

Answer 10

Transport protein

Question 11

Functions by having a hydrophilic channel that certain molecules use as a tunnel through the membrane

Answer 11

Channel protein

Question 12

Channel protein in a cellular membrane that facilitates osmosis

Answer 12

Aquaporin

Question 13

Hold onto their passengers and change shape in a way that shuttles them across the membrane

Answer 13

Carrier protein

Question 14

Movement of particles from a high to low concentration

Answer 14

Diffusion

Question 15

Diffusion of a substance across the membrane with no energy input

Answer 15

Passive transport

Question 16

Diffusion of a substance across the membrane with an energy input

Answer 16

Active transport

Question 17

Diffusion of water

Answer 17

Osmosis

Question 18

No net movement of water in and out of the cell

Answer 18

Isotonic

Question 19

More solute outside of the cell; water will move out of the cell

Answer 19

Hypertonic

Question 20

More solute inside of the cell; water will go in the cell

Answer 20

Hypotonic

Question 21

Cytoplasm shrivels and plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall

Answer 21

Plasmolysis

Question 22

Difference in electrical charge across a cell’s plasma membrane due to the differential distribution of ions

Answer 22

Membrane potential

Question 23

Cellular secretion of biological molecules by the fusion of vesicles containing them with the plasma membrane

Answer 23

Exocytosis

Question 24

Cells takes in molecules and particulates matter by forming new vesicles from the plasma membrane

Answer 24

Endocytosis

Question 25

Cell engulfs a particle and packages it

Answer 25

Phagocytosis

Question 26

Cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes

Answer 26

Pinocytosis

Question 27

Movement of specific molecules into a cell by the infolding of vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in

Answer 27

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Question 28

What is an example of passive transport?

Answer 28

Aquaporins

Question 29

What is an example of active transport?

Answer 29

Na-K-ATPase pump

Question 30

Transports potassium ions into the cytoplasm from the extracellular fluid while simultaneously transporting sodium ions out of the cytoplasm to the extracellular fluid.

Answer 30

Na-K-ATPase pump

Question 31

Plant that inhibits/ blocks Na-K pumps and increases calcium in cardiac muscle cells

Answer 31

Digitalis

Question 32

How does digitalis affect membrane proteins?

Answer 32

It makes the membrane potential less negative and causes seeing yellow tones and coronas