Chapter 15

Question 1

Non-sex chromosomes

Answer 1

Autosomes

Question 2

Evidence that chromosomes have associated genes (can move around when being passed from parent to child)

Answer 2

Morgan’s fruit fly experiment

Question 3

Mendelian genes have specific loci along chromosomes that undergo segregation and independent assortment

Answer 3

Chromosome theory of inheritance

Question 4

How did Morgan learn about the role of sex-linkage in the heritability of traits?

Answer 4

Only male fruit flies had white colored eyes. Gene for the white colored eyes only occurred on the X chromosome

Question 5

How is color-blindness passed on generation to generation?

Answer 5

The father could be color-blind and pass the gene to the daughters. The mother could also be a carrier for the disorder which causes the son to develop color-blindness.

Question 6

Tendency for two or more non-allelic genes to be inherited together, because they are located more or less closely on the same chromosome.

Answer 6

Linkage

Question 7

What factors influence the likelihood that two genes on a single chromosome will be inherited together?

Answer 7

They would be located close to each other on a chromosome

Question 8

How does crossing over play a role in linkage?

Answer 8

The closer they are together, the more likely they will cross over

Question 9

Failure to separate during meiosis 1 or meiosis 2

Answer 9

Nondisjunction

Question 10

Any change in the number of chromosomes

Answer 10

Aneuploidy

Question 11

How does nondisjunction affect aneuploidy?

Answer 11

They may not have enough chromosomes or too many chromosomes. Can cause miscarriage